Smokers and PREPs: Measurement of Inhaled and Exhaled Tobacco Smoke Particulate

吸烟者和 PREP：吸入和呼出的烟草烟雾颗粒的测量

• 批准号: 7675218
• 负责人: Sydney Michael Gordon
• 金额: $ 37.8万
• 依托单位: BATTELLE CENTERS/PUB HLTH RES & EVALUATN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-28 至 2011-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7675218
• 关键词: Accounting; Aerosols; Aromatic Polycyclic Hydrocarbons; Binding; Breathing; Caliber; Carcinogens; Chemicals; Cigarette; Cigarette Smoker; Collection; Communities; Complex Mixtures; Deposition; Disease; Dose; Ensure; Equipment; Exhalation; Gases; Goals; Half-Life; Harm Reduction; Health; Human; Individual; Link; Mainstreaming; Measurement; Measures; Methods; Molecular Weight; Monitor; Nicotine; Nitrosamines; Parents; Particle Size; Particulate; Pattern; Phase; Procedures; Protocols documentation; Public Health; Relative (related person); Research Personnel; Research Subjects; Respiratory System; Respiratory tract structure; Rest; Risk Estimate; Sampling; Simulate; Smoke; Smoker; Smoking; Smoking Behavior; Tars; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Time; Tobacco; Tobacco Industry; Tobacco smoke; Tobacco use; Tobacco-Associated Carcinogen; Toxic effect; Toxin; United States Federal Trade Commission; Work; base; cigarette smoking; cigarette smoking; cohort; instrument; particle; potential reduced exposure products; programs; tobacco exposure; tool; ultrafine particle; uptake

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The continuing human health toll of tobacco use has prompted the public health community to evaluate harm reduction approaches. The FTC-based machine-smoke yield measurements promoted by the tobacco industry for their products do not account for differences in human smoking behavior and therefore are not reliable indicators of the harm reduction of potential reduced exposure tobacco products (PREPs). Our long- range goal is to provide the public health community with the technology for ensuring a scientific basis for ultimately judging the effects of PREPs. Mainstream cigarette smoke is a complex mixture of organics that occur free in the gas phase and as higher molecular weight compounds bound to aerosol particles. Potent carcinogens-tobacco-specific nitrosamines and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons-occur primarily in the particle phase. Larger particles deposit in the upper part of the respiratory tract; ultrafine particles deposit in deeper parts of the respiratory tract, with longer clearance times and possible health implications. Current techniques can monitor the short half-life tobacco toxins in the gas phase, but are unsuitable for analyzing the aerosol particles, which have much longer half-lives. There has been no work done to date to link particle size and chemical composition of the particles in mainstream smoke. Therefore the aims of this study are: Aim 1: Determine the effect of differences in cigarette and PREP tar levels on changes in particle size distribution and concentration, and on the uptake of mainstream smoke particles by smokers. Aim 2: Determine the effect of differences in cigarette and PREP tar levels on the uptake of selected particle-bound carcinogens from mainstream smoke by smokers. We propose to test 45 subjects who will each smoke one of four designated conventional cigarette brands and two PREPs in six separate test sessions. To obtain an objective measure of their relative toxicity, we will measure and collect the size-fractionated material in smokers' exhaled breath and use simultaneously recorded smoking topography obtained from each smoked cigarette to simulate the individual smoker's inhaled breath dose from the specific puff profile. We will also use chemical characterization procedures we recently developed to measure the unchanged parent compounds and metabolites of the selected smoke carcinogens attached to both the simulated inhaled and the exhaled breath particulate.

描述（由申请人提供）：烟草使用对人类健康造成的持续损害促使公共卫生界评估减少危害的方法。烟草行业为其产品推广的基于FTC的机器烟雾产量测量没有考虑到人类吸烟行为的差异，因此不是潜在减少暴露烟草产品（PREP）危害减少的可靠指标。我们的长期目标是为公共卫生界提供技术，以确保最终判断PREP效果的科学依据。主流香烟烟雾是一种复杂的有机物混合物，这些有机物游离在气相中，并作为更高分子量的化合物与气溶胶颗粒结合。烟草特有的亚硝胺和多环芳烃等致癌物质主要存在于颗粒相中。较大的颗粒物存款在呼吸道的上部;超细颗粒物存款在呼吸道的较深部分，清除时间较长，可能对健康造成影响。目前的技术可以监测气相中的短半衰期烟草毒素，但不适合分析气溶胶颗粒，其具有长得多的半衰期。迄今为止，还没有将主流烟雾中颗粒的粒径和化学成分联系起来的工作。因此，本研究的目的是：目的1：确定香烟和PREP焦油水平的差异对颗粒大小分布和浓度变化的影响，以及吸烟者对主流烟雾颗粒的吸收。目标二：确定香烟和PREP焦油水平的差异对吸烟者从主流烟雾中摄取选定颗粒结合致癌物的影响。我们建议测试45名受试者，他们将在六个单独的测试阶段中分别吸烟四种指定的传统卷烟品牌和两种PREP中的一种。为了获得其相对毒性的客观测量，我们将测量并收集吸烟者呼出气体中的尺寸分级材料，并使用从每支吸烟香烟中获得的同时记录的吸烟地形图来模拟来自特定抽吸曲线的个体吸烟者的吸入气体剂量。我们还将使用我们最近开发的化学表征程序来测量附着在模拟吸入和呼出气体颗粒物上的选定烟雾致癌物的未改变的母体化合物和代谢物。

项目成果

Comparison of True and Smoothed Puff Profile Replication on Smoking Behavior and Mainstream Smoke Emissions.

真实和平滑的抽吸轮廓复制对吸烟行为和主流烟雾排放的比较。

• DOI: 10.1021/tx500318h
• 发表时间: 2015
• 期刊: Chemical research in toxicology
• 影响因子: 4.1
• 作者: Brinkman,MarielleC;Kim,Hyoshin;Chuang,JaneC;Kroeger,RobynR;Deojay,Dawn;Clark,PamelaI;Gordon,SydneyM
• 通讯作者: Gordon,SydneyM