ROLE OF THE BRAINSTEM IN VOLUNTARY GAZE SHIFTS

脑干在自愿目光转移中的作用

• 批准号: 7958829
• 负责人: ALBERT Frederick FUCHS
• 金额: $ 31.52万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-05-01 至 2010-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7958829
• 关键词: Animals; Brain Stem; Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects Database; Data; Disabled Persons; Exhibits; Eye; Eye Movements; Funding; Grant; Head; Head Movements; Indium; Institution; Link; Modeling; Movement; Neurons; Pattern; Population; Primates; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Rest; Role; Rotation; Semicircular canal structure; Source; Sum; Testing; Time; United States National Institutes of Health; gaze; mind control

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Shifts in the direction of gaze require a combination of eye and head movements. One popular model posits that the brain controls the accuracy of the overall gaze movement, i.e., the sum of the eye and head movement, rather than just the eye component alone. In normal animals, this proposal is impossible to test because the timing of the gaze shift and its eye movement component are tightly linked. However, after the semicircular canals, which sense head rotation, are disabled by plugging, the eye stops well before gaze lands on target. In this condition, therefore, we can assess whether the discharge of the neuronal elements in the brainstem that are active during gaze shifts is better timed with the gaze or eye movement. The brainstem generator that drives gaze shifts consists of two populations of neurons. One discharges a burst of spikes that begins before and continues during the gaze shift and its eye movement component. The other neurons exhibit a pause in their high resting rates during the same interval. After the canals have been plugged, the burst and pause both are better timed with the end of the eye movement than with the end of the gaze movement. Therefore, the discharge patterns of both types of neurons ends much too early to help terminate the gaze shift. In contrast, they have the timing appropriate to control the duration and hence accuracy of the eye movement component of the gaze shift. These data are inconsistent with a model of the brainstem generator that controls the overall gaze shift.

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中利用 资源由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供。子项目和 调查员(PI)可能从NIH的另一个来源获得了主要资金， 并因此可以在其他清晰的条目中表示。列出的机构是 该中心不一定是调查人员的机构。 凝视方向的改变需要眼睛和头部的运动相结合。一个流行的模型假设，大脑控制着整体凝视运动的准确性，即眼睛和头部运动的总和，而不仅仅是眼睛部分。在正常动物身上，这一假设是不可能测试的，因为凝视转移的时机和它的眼动部分是紧密联系在一起的。然而，在感觉头部旋转的半规管被堵住后，眼睛在凝视落在目标上之前就停止了。因此，在这种情况下，我们可以评估在凝视转移期间脑干中活跃的神经元元素的放电是否与凝视或眼球运动一起更好地计时。驱动视线转移的脑干发生器由两组神经元组成。一个人释放在凝视转移及其眼球运动部分之前开始并持续的一系列尖刺。在同一时间间隔内，其他神经元的高静息率出现停顿。在管子被堵塞后，眼球运动结束时的爆发和停顿都比凝视运动结束时更好。因此，这两种类型神经元的放电模式结束得太早，不能帮助终止凝视转移。相反，它们有适当的时间来控制凝视转移的眼动成分的持续时间和准确性。这些数据与控制整体视线转移的脑干发生器模型不一致。