NEURAL SUBSTRATE OF SACCADIC EYE MOVEMENTS

眼球扫视运动的神经基质

• 批准号: 8172739
• 负责人: ALBERT Frederick FUCHS
• 金额: $ 15.51万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-05-01 至 2011-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8172739
• 关键词: Aging; Behavior; Brain; Cells; Cerebellum; Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects Database; Dysmetria; Eye; Fingers; Funding; Grant; Growth; Injection of therapeutic agent; Injury; Institution; Learning; Life; Motor; Muscle; Output; Pathway interactions; Publishing; Purkinje Cells; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Saccades; Signal Transduction; Source; United States National Institutes of Health; gaze; rapid eye movement; relating to nervous system

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Rapid eye movements called saccades remain accurate throughout life despite changes in the brain and the eye muscles brought about by growth, injury and aging. This year we published several observations that implicate the cerebellum in this motor adaptation or learning. First, the cerebellum receives a signal that reports by how much and in what direction saccades, which shift the direction of gaze, are in error. Second, when we stimulate electrically the pathway that delivers this error information to the cerebellum, we are able to cause gradual changes in both the amplitude and direction of saccades, which mimic those produced when there is a real saccade dysmetria. Third, when there is such an error, it causes a concomitant change in the activity of Purkinje cells, which provide the output of the cerebellum. In many P-cells, the changes in activity were appropriate to produce the changes in saccade amplitude that would cause a reduction of the saccade error. Finally, we have made pharmacological injections into this saccadic cerebellum and the preliminary findings suggest that different cerebellar cells are involved in increasing and decreasing saccade amplitude. We feel these results converge on the proposal that the learning of other precision behaviors, e.g., finger pointing, probably also involve similar cerebellar mechanisms.

这个子项目是许多研究子项目中的一个 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源。子项目和 研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金， 因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为 研究中心，而研究中心不一定是研究者所在的机构。 快速眼球运动称为扫视，在整个生命中保持准确，尽管大脑和眼部肌肉的变化带来的增长，受伤和衰老。今年，我们发表了几项观察结果，表明小脑参与了这种运动适应或学习。首先，小脑接收到一个信号，报告有多少和在什么方向扫视，转移视线的方向，是错误的。其次，当我们用电刺激传递错误信息到小脑的通路时，我们能够引起扫视幅度和方向的逐渐变化，这模仿了真实的扫视测不准时产生的变化。第三，当出现这样的错误时，它会引起浦肯野细胞活动的伴随变化，浦肯野细胞提供小脑的输出。在许多P细胞中，活动的变化是适当的，以产生扫视幅度的变化，这将导致扫视误差的减少。最后，我们已经对这种扫视小脑进行了药物注射，初步研究结果表明，不同的小脑细胞参与了扫视幅度的增加和减少。我们认为这些结果集中在其他精确行为的学习上，例如，手指指向，可能也涉及类似的小脑机制。