ROLE OF THE BRAINSTEM IN VOLUNTARY GAZE SHIFTS

脑干在自愿目光转移中的作用

• 批准号: 7349319
• 负责人: ALBERT Frederick FUCHS
• 金额: $ 13.2万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-05-01 至 2007-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7349319
• 关键词: ROLE; BRAINSTEM; VOLUNTARY; GAZE; SHIFTS

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. When we rotate our heads, the vestibuloocular reflex (VOR) causes the eyes to move in the opposite direction in order to stabilize the visual world on the retina so that the visual image is not blurred A rapid, active gaze shift to an eccentric object of interest requires coordination between the head movement and the associated rapid eye movement called a saccade. In this circumstance, the VOR would actually defeat the aim of moving the eyes in the same direction as the head movement. We tested whether the VOR was turned off or whether a compensatory signal was required to negate its effect. We trained monkeys to direct their gaze to an eccentric target for an applesauce reward while simultaneously recording the activity of single neurons in the vestibular nucleus in the brainstem. We examined the behavior of the position vestibular pause neurons, which, we had shown in previous studies, deliver the head motion information from the vestibular sense organs to the muscles that rotate the eyes to produce the VOR. We found that the firing rates of these cells, which normally are quite high with the head at rest, cease completely during large gaze shifts with the head free to turn. This means that no activity flows through this VOR pathway under these conditions and therefore that the reflex is turned off completely. The signal that inhibits the reflex through the position vestibular pause neurons likely originates in the brain stem network that generates the eye saccade.

该子项目是利用NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源的许多研究子项目之一。子项目和研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得主要资金，因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为中心，不一定是研究者所在机构。当我们旋转头部时，前庭眼反射（VOR）会使眼睛向相反的方向移动，以稳定视网膜上的视觉世界，使视觉图像不会模糊。快速、主动的凝视转移到感兴趣的偏心物体需要头部运动和相关的快速眼球运动（称为扫视）之间的协调。在这种情况下，VOR实际上会使眼睛在与头部运动相同的方向上移动的目的失败。我们测试了VOR是否被关闭，或者是否需要补偿信号来抵消其影响。我们训练猴子将目光投向一个古怪的目标，以获得苹果酱奖励，同时记录脑干前庭核中单个神经元的活动。我们研究了前庭暂停神经元的行为，我们在以前的研究中已经表明，前庭暂停神经元将头部运动信息从前庭感觉器官传递到旋转眼睛以产生VOR的肌肉。我们发现，这些细胞的放电率，通常是相当高的头部休息，完全停止在大的目光转移与头部自由转动。这意味着在这些条件下，没有活动流经VOR通路，因此反射完全关闭。通过位置前庭暂停神经元抑制反射的信号可能起源于产生眼睛扫视的脑干网络。