In-vivo, High Contrast Imaging of the Human Rod Photoreceptor Mosaic

人杆光感受器马赛克的体内高对比度成像

• 批准号: 8129562
• 负责人: Nathan Doble
• 金额: $ 31.13万
• 依托单位: NEW ENGLAND COLLEGE OF OPTOMETRY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-01 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8129562
• 关键词: Affect; Age related macular degeneration; Animal Model; Blindness; Cell Density; Cells; Clinical; Clinical Trials; Complement; Dark Adaptation; Data; Development; Disease; Eye; Fundus; Goals; Human; Image; Imagery; Imaging technology; Individual; Lead; Leukocytes; Life; Masks; Measures; New England; Optics; Optometry; Outcome Measure; Patients; Performance; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Pharmacotherapy; Process; Property; Reporting; Resolution; Retina; Retinal; Retinal Cone; Retinal Diseases; Retinitis Pigmentosa; Signal Transduction; Simulate; Structure; Structure of retinal pigment epithelium; System; Techniques; Testing; Time; Work; adaptive optics; arm; cell type; college; density; disease diagnosis; improved; in vivo; optical imaging; public health relevance; receptor; receptor coupling; retinal rods; success; tool

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal is to enhance the resolution and contrast of in-vivo images of the rod photoreceptor mosaic taken with high resolution adaptive optics (AO) equipped retinal cameras. There has been great success in imaging other cell types such as the cones, retinal pigment epithelium and leukocytes cells but to date nobody has reported in-vivo evidence for the rods. The project will examine advanced optical techniques that can be combined with AO to further improve the contrast of the retinal images at the spatial scale of the rods and foveal cones. These may be advanced masks to suppress unwanted structure in the images complemented with approaches such as using the Stiles- Crawford effect and deconvolution. Achieving this goal will allow one, for example, to count individual rod cells and calculate cell densities which can then be compared to histological measures. Initially, young, normal subjects will be imaged to refine and optimize the new imaging approaches. As the work progresses, the study will examine diseases that target the rod cells such as retinitis pigmentosa and age related macular degeneration and relate the changes observed to standard clinical tests. This work will lead to better understanding of retinal structure in both normal and diseased eyes. With new drug treatments being developed in animal models, the direct non-invasive imaging of rod cells would provide an important outcome measure when these therapies are transitioned into human clinical trials. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Adaptive optics (AO) has been successfully applied to the human eye to allow imaging of cone photoreceptors in-vivo. With over 120 million rod cells compared to 6 million cones it is surprising that there are no reports of rod imaging in the living eye. The work proposed here will investigate advanced optical techniques to improve the contrast of cone receptor imagery but moreover provide the first in-vivo images of the rod mosaic. Two of the leading causes of worldwide blindness, retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and age related macular degeneration (AMD) first manifest themselves in the rod receptors. When achieved, this work will have tremendous impact into our understanding of how these diseases affect the retinal structure with the potential for earlier disease diagnosis and will be an invaluable tool in the development of new drug therapies.

描述（由申请人提供）：目标是增强用配备高分辨率自适应光学（AO）的视网膜照相机拍摄的视杆细胞马赛克的体内图像的分辨率和对比度。在成像其他细胞类型如视锥细胞、视网膜色素上皮细胞和白细胞方面已经取得了巨大的成功，但迄今为止还没有人报道关于视杆细胞的体内证据。该项目将研究先进的光学技术，可以与AO相结合，以进一步提高视网膜图像的对比度在空间尺度的杆和中心凹锥。这些可以是高级掩模，以抑制图像中的不想要的结构，并补充诸如使用Stiels-Crawford效应和去卷积的方法。实现这一目标将允许一个，例如，计数个别杆细胞和计算细胞密度，然后可以比较组织学措施。最初，将对年轻的正常受试者进行成像，以改进和优化新的成像方法。随着工作的进展，这项研究将检查针对视杆细胞的疾病，如视网膜色素变性和年龄相关性黄斑变性，并将观察到的变化与标准临床测试联系起来。这项工作将导致更好地了解视网膜结构在正常和患病的眼睛。随着在动物模型中开发新的药物治疗，当这些疗法过渡到人类临床试验时，视杆细胞的直接非侵入性成像将提供重要的结果测量。 公共卫生相关性：自适应光学（AO）已成功应用于人眼，以实现体内锥状光感受器成像。与600万个视锥细胞相比，有超过1.2亿个视杆细胞，令人惊讶的是，在活体眼睛中没有关于视杆成像的报道。这里提出的工作将调查先进的光学技术，以提高锥感受器图像的对比度，而且提供了第一个在体内的视杆马赛克图像。视网膜色素变性（RP）和年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）是世界范围内失明的两个主要原因，它们首先在视杆细胞受体中表现出来。一旦实现，这项工作将对我们了解这些疾病如何影响视网膜结构产生巨大影响，并有可能进行早期疾病诊断，并将成为开发新药物疗法的宝贵工具。