11th International Symposium on Bordetella

 描述（由申请方提供）：百日咳主要由百日咳博德特氏菌引起，是美国和世界范围内的当代公共卫生问题。2012年美国报告了超过48，000例病例，尽管无细胞百日咳疫苗的覆盖率很高，但它是“疫苗可预防”疾病中控制最差的疾病。虽然对于临床百日咳的这些增加有几种假设，例如公众和医学意识的增加、诊断灵敏度的增强和致病生物体的适应，但很明显，无细胞百日咳疫苗比以前使用的全细胞疫苗或从过去的感染中恢复引起显著更短的持续时间和免疫类型的保护。定于2016年4月在阿根廷布宜诺斯艾利斯举行的第二次世界妇女大会特别及时。这些会议每3 - 4年举行一次，通常有来自多个国家的200-300人（基础科学家、医生、公共卫生官员、疫苗生产商和监管机构代表）参加;这种参与程度反映了国际博德特氏菌研究的热情。 社区对于此次活动。主要讨论的主题（见初步计划）包括：百日咳流行病学和发病机制，免疫反应和机制，清除自然疾病和疫苗（动物和人类）和B。不表达毒力因子/疫苗抗原的百日咳菌株。由于似乎有多种因素（如来自自然疾病的不同免疫反应，不表达疫苗抗原的循环菌株的出现以及可能从无症状宿主传播）导致百日咳的死灰复燃，因此本次会议将为讨论这些可能性以及如何最终解决问题提供理想的论坛。因此，作为圆桌讨论和建立共识活动的最后一次会议将是这一特别活动的一个重要高潮/成果，与会者代表了确定解决办法和今后步骤的相关专业领域。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by the applicant): Pertussis, caused primarily by Bordetella pertussis, is a contemporary public health problem in the US and worldwide. With >48,000 cases reported in the US in 2012, it is the least well controlled of the "vaccinepreventable" diseases, despite excellent coverage with acellular pertussis vaccines. While there are several hypotheses for these increases in clinical pertussis, such as increased public and medical awareness, enhanced diagnostic sensitivity and adaptation of the causal organism, it is clear that the acellular pertussis vaccines elicit protection of significantly shorter duration and diffeent type than previously used whole cell vaccines or recovery from past infection.For these reasons, the upcoming 11th International Bordetella Symposium, scheduled for April 2016 in Buenos Aires, Argentina, is particularly timely. These meetings take place on a three-four year cycle and are generally attended by 200-300 individuals (basic scientists, physicians, public health officials, vaccine manufacturers and representatives of regulatory agencies) from multiple countries; this level of participation reflects enthusiasm of the international Bordetella Research Community for this event. The major topics of discussion (see preliminary program) at this include: pertussis epidemiology and pathogenesis, immune responses and mechanisms of clearance in natural disease and following vaccine (in animals and humans) and B. pertussis strains not expressing virulence factors/vaccine antigens. Since there appear to be multiple factors (such as disparate immune response from natural disease, emergence of circulating strains not expressing vaccine antigens and possible transmission from asymptomatic hosts) contributing to the resurgence of pertussis, this meeting will provide an ideal forum for discussion of these possibilities and how to deal with the problem definitively. Thus the final session as round table discussion and consensus building exercise will be an important culmination/product from this special event with participants representing relevant areas of expertise for identifying solutions and next steps.