MIRDCalc – A Community Tool for Deriving and Reporting Patient Organ Doses in Nuclear Medicine, Computed Tomography, and Hybrid Imaging

项目摘要 对病人的放射器官吸收剂量的评估在发展和治疗中起着关键作用， 放射性药物在诊断成像（癌症/疾病检测）和放射治疗中的临床应用 （癌症治疗）。剂量测定还提供了成像/治疗优化的基础，以及其可访问性和 成熟将有助于定义个性化医疗，如应用于医学成像和核治疗， 未来几十年。在核医学中，存在用于患者剂量测定的各种软件代码，但它们往往 存在于功能的两个极端中。一端是更简单的NM剂量测定工具， 衍生或个性化的生物分布数据与标准（人口平均）模型，一种技术， 在历史上被证明是有价值的，但技术进步微乎其微。另一端是复杂的NM 导入患者特异性CT/PET/SPECT图像的剂量测定代码，并允许精确但计算 密集的、基于蒙特卡罗模拟的剂量测定。这些高端代码的问题在于， 更细致入微，资源密集型，往往只驻留在以研究为基础的医疗机构与专家 支助人员。 在MSK和UF之间的这种生物医学研究伙伴关系中，新一代核医学患者 将制定并免费向成像和临床界发布剂量测定代码。密码- MIRDcalc -是建立在普遍可用的Microsoft Excel平台，可以使用一个简单的 交互式界面或自动DOS命令行。MIRDcalc的数据库存储了所有必要的 使用MIRD模式实施生物分布至剂量测定计算的信息。当前 MIRDcalc的生成因此将不包括输入时间-活动数据的获取和导出， 超出了当前应用程序的范围，但将被纳入本代码的未来版本。它包括 333种放射性同位素的放射性核素S值，与12个现代ICRP参考模型相关，每个模型有58个 源器官和44个靶器官，并且易于扩展以容纳另外的同位素， 幻影 MIRDcalc软件将是一个免费的工具，提供符合当前标准的剂量测定， 进一步的创新以及支持剂量测定用户社区的中央框架。我们计划 创新解决了个性化，不确定性计算，文档和其他关键问题 注意事项。值得注意的是，这一伙伴关系的一个关键特征是在MIRDcalc中增加了CT器官剂量测定， 尽管普遍采用，但目前在任何当前的核医学软件代码中都不存在 PET-CT组合和SPECT-CT扫描仪在诊断放射学中不断增加的渗透， 核医学

Project Summary The assessment of radiation organ absorbed dose to patients plays a critical role in both the development and clinical use of radiopharmaceuticals for both diagnostic imaging (cancer/disease detection) and radiation therapy (cancer treatment). Dosimetry also provides the basis of imaging/treatment optimization, and its accessibility and maturation will help define personalized medicine as applied to medical imaging and nuclear therapies in the coming decades. A variety of software codes exist for patient dosimetry in nuclear medicine, but they tend to reside within two extremes of functionality. At one end are more simplistic NM dosimetry tools that merge animal- derived or personalized biodistribution data with standard (population-averaged) models, a technique that has proved valuable historically but has seen minimal technological advancement. At the other end are complex NM dosimetry codes that import patient-specific CT/PET/SPECT images and allow for accurate, but computationally intensive, Monte Carlo simulation-based dosimetry. The issue with these higher-end codes is that they are much more nuanced, resource intensive, and tend to only reside within research-based medical institutions with expert support staff. In this Biomedical Research Partnership between MSK and UF, a new generation of nuclear medicine patient dosimetry code will be developed and released at no cost to the imaging and clinical community. The code – MIRDcalc – is built upon the universally available Microsoft Excel platform and can be used with an easy interactive interface or automated DOS command line. The database powering MIRDcalc stores all necessary information for implementing biodistribution-to-dosimetry calculations using the MIRD schema. The current generation of MIRDcalc thus will not include acquisition and derivation of the input time-activity data, which is beyond the scope of the current application, but will be incorporated into future versions of this code. It includes radionuclide S values for 333 radioisotopes, associated with 12 modern ICRP reference phantoms each with 58 source organs and 44 target organs and is readily expandable to accommodate additional isotopes and phantoms. The MIRDcalc software will be a free tool providing dosimetry that meets current standards, and a platform for further innovations as well as a central framework for supporting a dosimetry user community. Our planned innovations address issues of personalization, uncertainty calculation, documentation, and other key considerations. Of note, and a key feature of this partnership, is the addition of CT organ dosimetry to MIRDcalc, which presently does not exist in any current nuclear medicine software code despite the universal adoption of combination PET-CT and the ever-increasing penetration of SPECT-CT scanners in diagnostic radiology and nuclear medicine.