MIRDCalc – A Community Tool for Deriving and Reporting Patient Organ Doses in Nuclear Medicine, Computed Tomography, and Hybrid Imaging

项目摘要 辐射器官对患者吸收剂量的评估在辐射的发生和发展中起着至关重要的作用。 放射性药物在诊断成像(癌症/疾病检测)和放射治疗中的临床应用 (癌症治疗)。剂量学还提供成像/治疗优化的基础，以及它的可及性和 成熟将有助于将个性化医学定义为应用于医学成像和核治疗 未来几十年。核医学中存在用于患者剂量测定的各种软件代码，但它们倾向于 驻留在功能的两个极端内。一端是更简单的NM剂量学工具，它融合了动物- 使用标准(人口平均)模型导出或个性化的生物分布数据，这项技术具有 在历史上被证明是有价值的，但技术进步微乎其微。另一端是复杂的NM 导入特定于患者的CT/PET/SPECT图像的剂量学代码，允许准确但需要计算 基于蒙特卡罗模拟的密集剂量测量。这些更高端的代码的问题是，它们 更加细致入微、资源密集，而且往往只驻留在具有专家的研究型医疗机构内 支持人员。 在MSK与UF的这一生物医学研究伙伴关系中，新一代核医学患者 剂量学代码将被开发并发布，成像和临床社区不承担任何费用。密码是- MIRDcalc-构建在随处可用的Microsoft Excel平台上，可轻松使用 交互式界面或自动DOS命令行。支持MIRDcalc的数据库存储了所有必要的 使用MIRD方案实施生物分布剂量计算的信息。海流 因此，MIRDcalc的生成将不包括输入时间-活动数据的获取和推导，这是 超出了当前应用程序的范围，但将合并到此代码的未来版本中。它包括 333种放射性同位素的放射性核素S值，与12个现代国际放射防护委员会参考体模有关，每个体模有58个 源器官和44个靶器官，并可随时扩展以容纳额外的同位素和 幻影。 MIRDcalc软件将是一个免费工具，提供符合当前标准的剂量测量，并为 进一步的创新以及支持剂量测量用户社区的中央框架。我们计划的 创新解决了个性化、不确定性计算、文档和其他关键问题 考虑因素。值得注意的是，这种合作的一个关键特征是将CT器官剂量学添加到MIRDcalc中， 它目前不存在于任何当前的核医学软件代码中，尽管普遍采用 结合PET-CT和SPECT-CT扫描仪在放射学诊断和治疗中的日益普及 核医学。

Project Summary The assessment of radiation organ absorbed dose to patients plays a critical role in both the development and clinical use of radiopharmaceuticals for both diagnostic imaging (cancer/disease detection) and radiation therapy (cancer treatment). Dosimetry also provides the basis of imaging/treatment optimization, and its accessibility and maturation will help define personalized medicine as applied to medical imaging and nuclear therapies in the coming decades. A variety of software codes exist for patient dosimetry in nuclear medicine, but they tend to reside within two extremes of functionality. At one end are more simplistic NM dosimetry tools that merge animal- derived or personalized biodistribution data with standard (population-averaged) models, a technique that has proved valuable historically but has seen minimal technological advancement. At the other end are complex NM dosimetry codes that import patient-specific CT/PET/SPECT images and allow for accurate, but computationally intensive, Monte Carlo simulation-based dosimetry. The issue with these higher-end codes is that they are much more nuanced, resource intensive, and tend to only reside within research-based medical institutions with expert support staff. In this Biomedical Research Partnership between MSK and UF, a new generation of nuclear medicine patient dosimetry code will be developed and released at no cost to the imaging and clinical community. The code – MIRDcalc – is built upon the universally available Microsoft Excel platform and can be used with an easy interactive interface or automated DOS command line. The database powering MIRDcalc stores all necessary information for implementing biodistribution-to-dosimetry calculations using the MIRD schema. The current generation of MIRDcalc thus will not include acquisition and derivation of the input time-activity data, which is beyond the scope of the current application, but will be incorporated into future versions of this code. It includes radionuclide S values for 333 radioisotopes, associated with 12 modern ICRP reference phantoms each with 58 source organs and 44 target organs and is readily expandable to accommodate additional isotopes and phantoms. The MIRDcalc software will be a free tool providing dosimetry that meets current standards, and a platform for further innovations as well as a central framework for supporting a dosimetry user community. Our planned innovations address issues of personalization, uncertainty calculation, documentation, and other key considerations. Of note, and a key feature of this partnership, is the addition of CT organ dosimetry to MIRDcalc, which presently does not exist in any current nuclear medicine software code despite the universal adoption of combination PET-CT and the ever-increasing penetration of SPECT-CT scanners in diagnostic radiology and nuclear medicine.