Evaluation of the effects of child sexual abuse prevention policies on adult perpetrated child sexual abuse

摘要 目前的建议力求严格评价预防政策办法的影响 儿童性虐待（CSA）的初级预防。具体来说， 建议响应研究重点3：社区或社会层面的方法（即， 计划、政策或实践，其目标是增加或缓冲 防止暴力风险），方法是对国家政策进行编目和严格评估（即，学校- 与预防CSA相关的CSA教育法律和其他相关政策）。 教导成人和儿童有关CSA的体征和症状的计划，沿着 报告CSA关切的战略，有令人鼓舞的证据表明， 知识和技能（沃尔什等人，2018年; Gushwa，Bernier和罗宾逊，2019年; Letourneau， Nietert，& Rheingold，2016）.因此，34个州和华盛顿特区有基于学校的法规， 鼓励或要求学校为成人和/或儿童提供CSA培训（足够的虐待 运动和防止虐待儿童美国，2021年）。到目前为止，很少有评价， 这些国家的政策，以确定他们是否有人口水平的预期效果， CSA下降（Rosenzweig，& Hiner，2020）。目前的建议旨在缩小这一差距。 在组分A（即，第1年和第2年）的合作协议，我们将形成一个研究- 实践-政策伙伴关系（目标A1），与研究人员、政策专家、加空局 专业人士，以及那些与CSA生活的专业知识，以告知各州的政策 景观评估（目标A2）和科学文献的范围审查（目标A3） CSA预防政策。聘请“研究顾问委员会”的具体计划 (i.e., RPPP）列在创新部分。组分A的产品将使 独立的科学贡献，并将为研究团队提供必要的数据 (i.e.,独立变量），以便我们在组件B中进行严格的政策分析。在组分B中 (i.e.,第3年至第5年），我们建议严格评估 以学校为基础的CSA教育法（目标B1）及其变体（目标B2）以及审查 各州关于CSA和其他CSA报告和证明的其他CSA政策（目标B3） 虐待儿童的形式。通过评估校本自我支持的效果， 教育法及其在各州的变化，我们的研究结果将提供科学证据， 这些预防政策是否对CSA和其他儿童产生了预期的影响， 虐待的结果。

Abstract The current proposal seeks to rigorously evaluate prevention policy approaches for their impact on the primary prevention of child sexual abuse (CSA) perpetrated by adults. Specifically, this proposal is responsive to Research Priority 3: Community- or societal-level approaches (i.e., programs, policies, or practices that target characteristics of settings that increase or buffer against the risk for violence) by cataloguing and rigorously evaluating state policies (i.e., school- based CSA education laws and other relevant policies) associated with the prevention of CSA. Programs that teach adults and children about the signs and symptoms of CSA, along with strategies to report concerns of CSA, have promising evidence for increasing participant knowledge and skills (Walsh et al., 2018; Gushwa, Bernier, & Robinson, 2019; Letourneau, Nietert, & Rheingold, 2016). As such, 34 states and D.C. have school-based statutes that encourage or mandate schools to provide CSA training to adults and/or children (Enough Abuse Campaign & Prevent Child Abuse America, 2021). To date, there is very little evaluation of these state policies to determine whether they are having the intended effect of population-level decreases in CSA (Rosenzweig, & Hiner, 2020). The current proposal seeks to close that gap. In Component A (i.e., Years 1 & 2) of this cooperative agreement, we will form a research- practice-policy partnership (RPPP) (Aim A1), with researchers, policy experts, CSA professionals, and those with lived expertise with CSA, to inform a state-by-state policy landscape assessment (Aim A2) and scoping review of the scientific literature (Aim A3) on the topic of CSA prevention policies. The specific plan for engaging the “Research Advisory Board” (i.e., RPPP) is included under the Innovation Section. The products of Component A will make independent scientific contributions and will provide the research team with the necessary data (i.e., independent variables) for our rigorous policy analysis in Component B. In Component B (i.e., Years 3 through 5) of this cooperative agreement, we propose to rigorously evaluate school-based CSA education laws (Aim B1) and their variation (Aim B2) as well as examine other CSA policies (Aim B3) across states on reports and substantiations for CSA and other forms of child maltreatment. By evaluating the effects associated with school-based CSA education laws and their variations across states, our results will provide scientific evidence as to whether these prevention policies are having their intended effect on CSA and other child maltreatment outcomes.