Validation and application of portable particulate device in the UW Twin Registry

描述（由申请人提供）：这项研究解决了国家环境健康科学研究所的使命，通过验证一种新的可穿戴设备来增加我们对环境如何影响人类健康的理解，这种设备可以实时和空间测量多种环境毒物，称为便携式华盛顿大学粒子监测器（PUWPM），并应用于来自社区的成年双胞胎登记处（UWTR）的遗传信息样本。在基于环境的研究中，双胞胎的使用是独一无二的，因为它将使我们能够评估环境暴露与健康结果之间的关联，同时控制遗传和共同的环境（家族）影响，否则这些影响可能会在选择导致不同暴露水平的生活环境时引入选择偏差，从而混淆在不相关个体中的类似研究。此外，我们的创新方法将使我们能够将环境暴露与加速度计和基于gps的空间运动测量联系起来。使用GIS，我们将在与暴露和运动模式相同的尺度上捕捉与建筑环境相关的空间连续变量。在研究的第一阶段（R21阶段），设计-反馈迭代周期将用于评估综合PUWP监测仪的可行性和可用性，以评估15对双胞胎的行为和有毒物质暴露的多个方面。基于焦点小组的定性数据和可用性调查的定量数据，我们将通过2到3个迭代周期来改进PUWP的设计和易用性。同时，与金标准方法相比，PUWP的有效性将在这15对中建立。在研究的第二阶段（R33期），我们将在150对双胞胎的更大样本中收集包括血压、体重指数、腰围和肺功能（肺活量测定）在内的临床测量数据，以及包括炎症因子和皮质醇在内的生物学测量数据。使用这些措施，我们将首先比较临床/生物学结果与PUWP的PM 2.5测量值之间的关系，以及它们与基于该领域标准环境空气质量模型的暴露估计之间的关系。接下来，我们将确定来自综合PUWP系统的空气污染、噪音和其他环境暴露、生活方式行为（包括体育活动和饮食）以及社会心理压力与各种临床和生物学结果之间的关系。最终，我们独特的样本和方法将带来新的和重要的见解，将慢性病的环境，行为和遗传方面联系起来。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This research addresses the mission of the National Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences by increasing our understanding of how the environment influences human health through validation of a new wearable device that measures multiple environmental toxicants in real-time and space, called the Portable University of Washington Particle Monitor (PUWPM), and application in a genetically informed sample of adult twins from the community-based UW Twin Registry (UWTR). The use of twins is unique in environment-based research because it will allow us to assess the associations between environmental exposures and health outcomes while controlling for genetic and shared environmental (familial) influences that might otherwise introduce selection biases into the choice of living environments that contribute to differential levels of exposures, and thus confound similar studies in unrelated individuals. Furthermore, our innovative methods will allow us to link environmental exposures with accelerometer and GPS-based measures of movement through space. Using GIS, we will capture spatially continuous variables relevant to the built environment at the same scale as the exposures and movement patterns. In the first phase the study (R21 phase), the design-feedback iterative cycle will be used to assess the feasibility and usability of the integrated PUWP monitor to assess multiple aspects of behavior and toxic exposures in 15 pairs of twins. Based on qualitative data obtained from focus groups and quantitative data from usability surveys, we will improve the design and ease of use of the PUWP through 2 or 3 iterative cycles. Concurrently, the validity of the PUWP will be established in these same 15 pairs compared to gold standard methods. In the second phase of the study (R33 phase), we will collect clinical measures including blood pressure, body mass index, waist circumference, and lung function (spirometry), as well as biologic measures including inflammatory cytokines and cortisol in a larger sample of 150 twin pairs. Using these measures, we will first compare associations between clinical/biological outcomes with PM 2.5 measures from the PUWP against their associations with exposure estimates based on ambient air quality models that are standard in the field. Next, we will determine the associations among air pollution, noise, and other environmental exposures from the integrated PUWP system, lifestyle behaviors including physical activity and diet, and psychosocial stress with the various clinical and biologic outcomes. Ultimately, our unique sample and methods will lead to new and important insights linking environmental, behavioral, and genetic aspects of chronic disease.