TWINStudy of Environment, Lifestyle Behaviors, and Health

这项研究的目的是确定个人生活、工作和生活的建筑环境如何影响人们的生活和工作。 每天玩会影响他们的生活方式和健康。我们结合先进的方法， 地理空间数据管理和分析采用尖端技术，多传感器板（MSB）， 在真实的时间和空间中收集关于建筑环境和生活方式行为的客观信息。的 MSB是一种小型可穿戴设备，具有多种传感功能，包括加速度计，气压计， 压力和位置，无线连接到支持WiFi的移动的电话。户外和室内活动 使用GPS和WiFi信号进行监测，以获得高空间分辨率的数据。该移动的电话具有 已经被改造成一个自动化的食物摄入程序。我们将在以下研究中使用此集成工具： 环境对一个以社区为基础的成年单合子样本的生活方式、行为和健康的影响 一起长大但现在分开住的双胞胎有了这些工具和方法，我们将创造一个独特的， 丰富的数据集，在相对于位置的真实的时间和空间中，将严格的体力活动和饮食措施联系起来 in the built建造environment环境.这种方法将通过测量生活方式来建立和扩展我们的知识 在连续的时间和空间内和超越个人居住地点（社区）的行为 双胞胎。使用同卵双胞胎对照设计，我们将研究分开生活的同卵双胞胎，并确定如何 家庭环境影响步行和总的身体活动水平，不受遗传和 家族影响接下来，我们将实时测量和比较基于位置的活动和饮食事件 调查双胞胎使用与活动相关的家庭环境特征的频率 吃东西通过测量有多少活动和饮食事件发生在家庭建筑环境中， 在远端建筑环境中，包括工作、交通和娱乐相关的环境，我们将能够确定 是否接近家庭建筑环境的特征与它们的使用相关联。最后我们将 测量双胞胎居住的建筑环境，生活方式行为和体重指数之间的关联， 除了通过将体重状况与身体活动水平和食物摄入量联系起来，以确定体重指数是否 通过这些行为与建筑环境相关联。我们的科学方法整合了概念 从行为和社会科学的模型与生物，计算和物理措施，在一个 遗传信息研究设计。这项工作为使用现有的 表型数据和生物样本，包括DNA，在未来的研究，以确定如何特定的基因 与环境相互作用，影响行为和健康。最终，我们独特的样本和科学 方法将导致新的和重要的见解，将环境，行为和遗传方面联系起来， 肥胖和慢性病。

The goal of this research is to determine how the built environment in which individuals live, work, and play in on a daily basis influences their lifestyle behaviors and health. We couple advanced methods in geospatial data management and analysis with cutting-edge technology, the multisensor board (MSB), to gather objective information about the built environment and lifestyle behaviors in real time and space. The MSB is a small wearable device with multiple sensing capabilities, including accelerometry, barometric pressure, and location, connected wirelessly to a WiFi enabled mobile telephone. Outdoor and indoor activities are monitored using GPS and WiFi signals to obtain data with high spatial resolution. The mobile phone has been adapted for use as an automated food intake program. We will use this integrated tool in a study of environmental influences on lifestyle behaviors and health in a community-based sample of adult monozygotic twins who were reared together but now live apart. With these tools and methods, we will create a unique and rich dataset linking rigorous measures of physical activity and eating in real time and space relative to locations in the built environment. This approach will build upon and extend our knowledge by measuring lifestyle behaviors in continuous time and space within and beyond the individual residential locations (neighborhoods) of twins. Using a co-twin control design, we will examine monozygotic pairs who live apart and determine how the home built environment influences levels of both walking and total physical activity, free of genetic and familial influences. Next, we will measure and compare location-based activity and eating episodes in real-time to investigate how often the twins use features of their home built environment that are associated with activity and eating. By measuring how many activity and eating episodes occur in the home built environment versus in distal built environments, including work, transit, and recreation-related settings, we will be able to determine whether proximity to features of the home built environment are associated with their use. Finally, we will measure associations among the built environment, lifestyle behaviors, and body mass index in twins who live apart by linking weight status with physical activity levels and food intake to determine if body mass index is associated with the built environment through these behaviors. Our scientific approach integrates conceptual models from the behavioral and social sciences with biological, computational, and physical measures in a genetically informative research design. This effort lays the critical groundwork to use an existing repository of phenotypic data and biological samples, including DNA, in future research to determine how specific genes interact with the environment to influence behaviors and health. Ultimately, our unique sample and scientific methods will lead to new and important insights linking environmental, behavioral, and genetic aspects of obesity and chronic disease.