Automatic Quantification and Labeling of Cerebral Microbleeds, Oxygen Saturation and Sources of Abnormal Susceptibility

摘要 脑微出血（CMB）的检测、定位和定量在脑出血的治疗中起着重要作用。 诊断和建立适当的治疗计划，特别是在血管神经退行性疾病 痴呆（VaD）。迄今为止，评估CMB是耗时的，不准确的，有时甚至是不可能的。我们 我建议通过开发我们的软件“qSPIN”来缓解这些问题，该软件将提供快速和易于使用的 方法：1）自动识别CMB和静脉，2）自动量化CMB，3）自动 静脉血氧饱和度的定量，以及4）创建用于实践的用户友好的软件 放射科医生MRI的最新发展为研究CMB的作用提供了一种新的手段， 神经系统疾病如阿尔茨海默病（AD）、VaD、中风和创伤性 脑损伤（TBI）。磁敏感加权成像（SWI）已被证明是一个强大的工具， CMB和定量磁化率图（QSM）可用于测量氧饱和度的变化。 了解有多少CMB可以预测VaD的发生，确定是否需要抗血小板治疗， 脑卒中与脑外伤患者神经心理学结局相关。我们的最新版本 多回波SWI的应用使得同时获得动脉和静脉造影成为可能。氧 饱和度也可用于监测灌注变化并扩展中风治疗的窗口。 目前，大多数放射科医生和技术人员没有时间进行如此详细的定量分析。 处理，因此临床上未进行。我们的qSPIN软件将提供这些定量数据。与 CMB或静脉异常的数量、大小和位置，可能会有更好的诊断。我们 该小组在解决这一问题方面具有独特的地位，已经开发了许多此类技术。新奇 我们的方法是SWI，QSM，STAGE和深度学习技术的结合，以检测这些血管 和功能异常。为了实现这一建议的目标，我们将开发用户友好的软件 它将来自SWI和QSM的所有成像信息合并到标记CMB中。我们还将提供 在Talairach坐标中使用模板数据集的CMB。最后，我们将有一个完整的图片， 神经退行性疾病患者中CMB的患病率、异常血氧饱和度及其位置 这将改善诊断并可能改变他们的治疗方法。

ABSTRACT The detection, localization and quantification of cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) plays an important role in diagnosing and establishing appropriate treatment plans in neurodegenerative diseases specifically in vascular dementia (VaD). To date, evaluating CMBs is time consuming, inaccurate and sometimes not possible. We propose to mitigate these problems by developing our software, “qSPIN”, that will provide fast and easy-to-use methods for: 1) automatic identification of CMBs and veins, 2) automatic quantification of CMBs, 3) automatic quantification of oxygen saturation in veins, and 4) creation of a user-friendly software for the practicing radiologist. Recent developments in MRI have provided a new means by which to study the role of CMBs and venous abnormalities in neurological diseases such as Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), VaD, stroke and traumatic brain injury (TBI). Susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) has proven to be a powerful tool by which to detect CMBs and quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) can be used to measure changes in oxygen saturation. Knowing how many CMBs there are can predict the onset of VaD, determine whether anti-platelet therapy in stroke should be used, and correlate with neuropsychological outcome for patients with TBI. Our recent version of multi-echo SWI makes it possible to obtain both an arteriogram and a venogram simultaneously. Oxygen saturation can also be used to monitor perfusion changes and extend the window of treatment in stroke. Currently, most radiologists and technologists do not have time to perform such detailed quantitative processing and thus it is not being done clinically. Our qSPIN software will provide this quantitative data. With the number, size, and location of CMBs or venous abnormalities, a better diagnosis would be possible. Our group is uniquely positioned to address this problem having developed many of these techniques. The novelty of our approach is the marriage of SWI, QSM, STAGE and deep learning techniques to detect these vascular and functional abnormalities. To accomplish the goals of this proposal, we will develop user friendly software that incorporates all imaging information from SWI and QSM to label CMBs. We will also provide the location of the CMBs in Talairach coordinates using a template dataset. In the end, we will have a complete picture of the prevalence of CMBs, abnormal oxygen saturation and their locations in patients with neurodegenerative disease that will improve diagnosis and potentially change their treatment.