Attentional control in children who stutter

口吃儿童的注意力控制

• 批准号: 10055438
• 负责人: Amanda M Hampton Wray
• 金额: $ 15.62万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-07-05 至 2021-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10055438
• 关键词: Attentional; control; children; who; stutter

PROJECT SUMMARY Stuttering is a neurodevelopmental disorder with devastating consequences on communication and quality of life. The etiology of stuttering is influenced by dynamic interactions between genetic and epigenetic factors, including speech motor control, emotion regulation, cognitive-linguistic processes, and environmental factors. The current project focuses on attentional control in children who stutter (CWS), a cognitive skill critical for regulating and maintaining attention toward a stimulus or task. Atypical attentional control in CWS, indicated by theoretical models of stuttering, is supported by recent empirical evidence of atypical neural connectivity between attention and somatomotor networks. However, it is not yet known how these atypical connectivity patterns impact neural functions for attention in CWS, which may impact fluent speech productions. Reduced or discoordinated attentional control in CWS, who have vulnerable speech motor systems, may contribute to disfluent speech by affecting initiation or maintenance of the goal-directed actions of speech production. The current proposal extends previous behavioral and neuroimaging findings in CWS by evaluating distinct attentional control systems in the same child to elucidate the nature of attentional control in 5- to 8-year-old CWS. Three distinct attentional control systems, which together regulate attention, will be assessed: Alerting (response to a stimulus), Orienting (directing toward a stimulus), and Executive Control (maintaining goal- directed behaviors and response inhibition). Attentional control will be evaluated using a battery of behavioral and neurophysiological tasks. The specific aims of this proposal are: (1) Characterize and contrast neural processes underlying distinct attentional control systems in CWS and fluent peers. Neurophysiological data (event-related brain potentials [ERPs]) will be acquired during attentional control tasks to evaluate the effects of distinct attentional control system on neural processing. (2) Characterize and contrast attentional control profiles in CWS and fluent peers. A battery of multiple and complementary tasks will evaluate performance on distinct attentional control tasks. (3) Develop and evaluate a preliminary model of attentional control in CWS. Relationships between ERP and behavioral performance as well as parental reports of behavior in CWS will be used to construct latent attentional control factors and determine which of these factors most strongly predicts stuttering severity. Including parental reports will support translation of our findings to clinical settings. This project will establish whether distinct attentional control systems, or attentional control more broadly, are atypical in CWS. This project will lay the groundwork for future research informing two long-term goals: 1) The evaluation of changes in attentional control over time in younger CWS, leading to refinement of predictive factors of persistence versus recovery, and 2) The enhancement of traditional treatment approaches to incorporate attention systems that differ in CWS and most strongly predict stuttering severity, thereby informing development of evidence-based treatment programs with the greatest potential to maximize outcomes in CWS.

项目摘要 口吃是一种神经发育障碍，对沟通和质量有毁灭性的影响。 生命口吃的病因受到遗传和表观遗传因素之间动态相互作用的影响， 包括言语运动控制、情绪调节、认知语言过程和环境因素。 目前的项目重点关注口吃儿童的注意力控制（CWS），这是一种认知技能， 调节和保持对刺激或任务的注意力。CWS中的非典型注意力控制，表明 由口吃的理论模型，是支持最近的经验证据，非典型神经连接 注意力和躯体运动网络之间的联系然而，目前尚不清楚这些非典型连接性是如何产生的。 模式影响CWS中的注意力神经功能，这可能会影响流畅的语音产生。减少 或注意力控制不协调的CWS，谁有脆弱的语言运动系统，可能有助于 通过影响言语产生的目标导向动作的启动或维持来实现不流利的言语。 目前的建议扩展了以前的行为和神经影像学研究结果在CWS的评估不同的 注意控制系统在同一个孩子，以阐明注意控制的性质，在5至8岁 CWS。将评估三种不同的注意力控制系统，它们共同调节注意力： （对刺激的反应），定向（指向刺激）和执行控制（维持目标- 定向行为和反应抑制）。注意力控制将使用一系列行为测试进行评估。 和神经生理学任务。具体目标是：（1）表征和对比神经元 CWS和流利同伴的不同注意力控制系统的基础过程。神经生理数据 （事件相关脑电位[ERPs]）将在注意力控制任务中获得，以评估 不同的注意力控制系统对神经加工的影响。(2)描述和对比注意力控制 CWS和Fluent Peers中的配置文件。一组多项互补任务将评估以下方面的表现： 注意力控制任务(3)发展和评估CWS注意力控制的初步模型。 ERP和行为表现之间的关系，以及父母的行为报告，在CWS将 用于构建潜在注意力控制因素，并确定这些因素中哪一个最能预测 口吃的严重性。包括父母的报告将支持我们的研究结果转化为临床环境。 这个项目将确定是否有不同的注意力控制系统，或更广泛的注意力控制， 在CWS中是不典型的。该项目将为未来的研究奠定基础，为两个长期目标提供信息：1） 对年轻CWS患者注意力控制随时间变化的评估， 持久性与恢复的因素，以及2）加强传统的治疗方法， 结合注意力系统，不同的CWS和最强烈的预测口吃的严重程度，从而告知 制定循证治疗方案，最大限度地提高CWS的疗效。