NARMS Cooperative Agreement Program to Strengthen Antibiotic Resistance Surveillance in Retail Food Specimens

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Project Summary: The Minnesota Department of Agriculture (MDA) has been working with the Minnesota Department of Health (MDH), CDC, and FDA on the Retail Food Study since its inception in 2002. This project was designed to determine the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among enteric pathogens found in retail meats (including chicken, pork, ground beef, and ground turkey). In Minnesota, MDA and MDH are culturing all meats for Salmonella and chicken and ground turkey for Campylobacter. All isolates are further characterized by MDA or MDH and sent on to FDA for further analysis (including culture confirmation, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and molecular subtyping). From 2015-2019, a total of 80 meat samples per month were tested (including pork and beef). Among the samples, all 80 were tested for Salmonella, all 20 turkey samples and 20 (half) of the chicken samples were tested for Campylobacter. Starting in 2020 the sample total dropped back to 40 per month and the pilot seafood study was initiated. In Minnesota, in 2019, 63 of 480 (13.1%) chicken samples, 35 of 240 (14.6%) ground turkey samples, 15 of 120 (12.5%) pork samples, and 1 of 120 (0.8%) ground beef samples tested positive for Salmonella. Also, in Minnesota in 2019, 45 of 480 (9.4%) chicken samples and 2 of 240 (0.8%) ground turkey samples tested positive for Campylobacter. MDA and MDH plan to continue our cooperative arrangement. We will continue collect samples from the seven-county Minneapolis-St. Paul metropolitan area, which comprises over half of Minnesota’s population. We will also collect from rural areas starting in 2021. This study has contributed substantial data to our understanding of the species, serotypes, and antimicrobial resistance types of Campylobacter and Salmonella found in various retail meats. This data has been beneficial in guiding our outbreak investigations where meats may have been the source of infection in humans. We have encountered very few barriers or challenges in our experience with this study and feel it has been a valuable tool, adding a critical component to the picture of antimicrobial resistance in Minnesota.