Threat-Related Negative Valence Systems, Child Victimization, and Anxiety_Supplement

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Interpersonal violence (IPV) exposure affects 1 in 2 youth and levies tremendous physical and mental health burdens on victims and society. Childhood IPV exposure is a well-established risk factor for anxiety and other mental health problems across the lifespan. A paucity of longitudinal studies assessing multiple threat-related mechanisms, across multiple units of analysis, and at key times in development has been a critical barrier to informing the design of personalized treatments to target root causes of post-IPV psychopathology. The overarching goal of this project (the “CHARM study”) is to examine developmental trajectories of threat-related NVS measures into adolescence, as a function of exposure to IPV, in an effort to better link IPV and anxiety through changes in these measures. The specific aims of this project are: 1) to identify threat-related NVS constructs that connect lifetime IPV to anxious symptoms in youth cross-sectionally; 2) to investigate longitudinally the degree to which IPV sensitizes trajectories of NVS measures across three age cohorts (grades 3, 6, 9 at baseline); and 3) to investigate the degree to which trajectories of NVS measures predict anxiety symptoms over time after accounting for initial anxiety symptoms and IPV status. The study had successfully recruited its full sample (N=364) and longitudinal retention was progressing as planned until March, 2020, when the COVID-19 pandemic (and subsequent mandatory guidelines impacting in-person data collection) reduced retention across the representative sample. Pandemic disruptions have required increased intensive efforts in participant retention, particularly for the final assessment (Lab Visit 3) that includes the follow-up fMRI scan, which has translated into a delayed timeline and increased costs. The proposed Administrative Supplement is essential to help cover these unexpected costs to complete the outstanding in-person data collection, as well as final data cleaning, analysis, and write up of results, ensuring that the longitudinal aims are successfully met and that maximum impact is yielded from the study.