Olfactory neuromodulation of visual circuits and behavior

视觉回路和行为的嗅觉神经调节

• 批准号: 10600116
• 负责人: Mark Arthur Frye
• 金额: $ 38.05万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-04-01 至 2026-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10600116
• 关键词: Affect; Aging; Animals; Ballistics; Basic Science; Behavior; Behavioral; Biogenic Amines; Biological Models; Brain; Cells; Chemicals; Cognitive; Collaborations; Complex; Couples; Degenerative Disorder; Detection; Discrimination; Disease; Drosophila genus; Food; Functional disorder; Ganglia; Genetic Models; Genetic Techniques; Goals; Home; Human; Image; Individual; Knowledge; Lead; Link; Locomotion; Logic; Maps; Mission; Modality; Modeling; Molecular; Motion; Motor; Movement; National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke; Nervous System; Neurons; Norepinephrine; Octopamine; Odors; Olfactory Pathways; Optic Lobe; Optics; Output; Pathology; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Perception; Persons; Population; Process; Property; Reflex action; Research; Resolution; Saccades; Sensory; Signal Pathway; Signal Transduction; Smell Perception; Smooth Pursuit; Source; Spatial Distribution; Stimulus; Stroke; Synapses; System; Testing; Transcript; Traumatic injury; United States; Vision; Visual; Writing; behavioral response; brain health; chemical function; cognitive function; detector; disability; falls; fly; functional disability; improved; in vivo; in vivo calcium imaging; multimodality; multisensory; neural; neurogenetics; neuronal circuitry; neuroregulation; nonhuman primate; octopamine receptor; optogenetics; public health relevance; receptive field; response; sensor; sensory input; sensory integration; two-photon; virtual reality; virtual reality system; visual control; visual feedback; visual processing

Project summary A significant percentage of people in the US suffer from disabilities resulting from traumatic injury, stroke, or degenerative disease which result in enigmatic deficits in cognitive function. Therefore, an understanding of the fundamental properties of neuronal circuits for complex brain function, and how these circuits are modulated by biogenic amines, will sharpen our understanding of the normal brain, thereby highlighting pathology and facilitating treatments. A major function of the brain is to integrate information across sensory modalities to enable sharp and robust perception. The cell-circuit mechanism for how different sensory modalities interact is not well understood. This project will capitalize on the significant experimental advantages of the fruit fly Drosophila to explore the molecular logic and neural connections that produce an elementary form of multisensory integration perception. The fly displays robust multisensory perception, integrating olfactory signals with visual processing to enhance perceptual abilities. Furthermore, sensory circuits have been shown to be under robust neuromodulatory control by biogenic amines. Similar processes have been localized to sub- cortical and cortical pathways in humans and non-human primates. The fly has a numerically compact nervous system, with which highly advanced genetic techniques can be used to identify, manipulate, and record activity from individual neurons and neurosecretory cells, as well as their upstream and downstream synaptic partners and molecular components. The PI hypothesizes that the fly brain couples olfactory sensory detection to visual processing through neuromodulatory cells that carry the chemical equivalent of norepinephrine. The PI will perform two-photon Ca2+ imaging to ‘read’ activity from live flies in response to stimuli the PI has discovered elicit robust multi-modal integration behavior within a virtual reality system. The PI will use optogenetics imaging to ‘write’ signals into these circuit pathways to assess input-output functions from an intact behaving fly.

项目概要 在美国，很大一部分人因创伤而患有残疾 损伤、中风或退行性疾病会导致认知功能出现神秘缺陷。 因此，了解复杂大脑的神经元回路的基本特性 功能，以及这些电路如何被生物胺调节，将提高我们的 了解正常大脑，从而突出病理学并促进治疗。 大脑的一个主要功能是整合各种感觉模式的信息，以实现 敏锐而稳健的感知。不同感觉模式的细胞回路机制 交互不是很好理解。该项目将利用重大实验 果蝇的优势探索分子逻辑和神经联系 产生多感官整合感知的基本形式。苍蝇表现出强劲的体力 多感官知觉，将嗅觉信号与视觉处理相结合，以增强 感知能力。此外，感觉电路已被证明是稳健的 生物胺的神经调节控制。类似的流程已本地化到子系统 人类和非人类灵长类动物的皮质和皮质通路。苍蝇有一个数字 紧凑的神经系统，可以使用高度先进的遗传技术 识别、操纵和记录单个神经元和神经分泌细胞的活动，如 以及它们的上游和下游突触伙伴和分子组件。 PI 假设果蝇大脑通过以下方式将嗅觉感知与视觉处理结合起来 携带去甲肾上腺素化学当量的神经调节细胞。 PI 将执行 双光子 Ca2+ 成像可“读取”活果蝇响应 PI 刺激的活动 发现在虚拟现实系统中引发强大的多模式集成行为。 PI 将使用光遗传学成像将信号“写入”这些电路通路以评估输入输出 来自完整行为的苍蝇的功能。