Project 2 - Impact of Adolescent Vaping on Brain Health

项目 2 - 青少年电子烟对大脑健康的影响

• 批准号: 10628252
• 负责人: CHRISTOPHER T WHITLOW
• 金额: $ 35.72万
• 依托单位: WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-05-03 至 2028-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10628252
• 关键词: Acrolein; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adolescent Development; Adult; Aerosols; Affect; Amygdaloid structure; Animal Model; Anterior; Area; Attention; Autonomic nervous system; Baroreflex; Behavioral; Biological Markers; Brain; Brain region; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Characteristics; Chemicals; Cholinergic Receptors; Cognitive; Data; Development; Dose; Emotions; Equilibrium; Exclusion; Exclusion Criteria; Frequencies; Goals; Health; Hippocampus; Human; Hypercapnia; Inferior frontal gyrus; Life; Literature; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measures; Mediating; Memory; Nervous System; Nervous System Physiology; Nervous System control; Nicotine; Outcome; Participant; Performance; Personal Satisfaction; Physiological; Physiological Processes; Prefrontal Cortex; Prevention; Regulation; Reporting; Research; Rewards; Risk; Risk Assessment; Smoking; Structure; Surveys; Testing; Time; Tobacco smoking behavior; Ventral Striatum; brain health; cerebrovascular; cingulate cortex; cognitive development; executive function; heart rate variability; innovation; interest; marijuana use; multidisciplinary; novel; phenotypic biomarker; pre-clinical; psychosocial; psychosocial development; recruit; social cognition; tobacco user; vaper; vaping; vaping nicotine

ABSTRACT – PROJECT 2: Impact of Adolescent Vaping on Brain Health There is growing concern that vaping nicotine may affect brain health during adolescence, a period of rapid maturation. Nicotine directly affects nicotinic cholinergic receptors throughout the nervous system resulting in functional changes in many late developing brain regions, including areas implicated in attention, memory, executive function, social cognition, and emotion processing. Prior research established that nicotine (in animal models) and smoking (in humans) affects brain structure and function; cognitive and psychosocial function; and autonomic regulation. However, very little is known about how vaping nicotine, including frequency of use, product characteristics, and cumulative exposure, impacts adolescent brain health. Furthermore, other chemical constituents of vaping aerosols (e.g., acrolein) that could also affect brain development. Our overarching hypothesis is that vaping affects brain health in specific regions/networks and associated cognitive/psychosocial domains related to attention, memory, executive function, social cognition, and emotion processing. Our novel mechanistic hypothesis is that the effects of vaping on the brain are related to shifts in autonomic nervous system towards increased sympathetic and diminished parasympathetic tone with associated changes in cerebral blood flow and connectivity in regions and networks of interest. Our three Specific Aims are 1) Determine the effects of vaping on brain function and structure in adolescents; 2) Examine the effects of vaping on cognitive and psychosocial development, 3) Assess the effects of vaping on autonomic nervous system function. We will assess 360 adolescents recruited from the longitudinal Online Survey for a Lab-Based Study, using a 2:1 ratio of Current Vapers to Never Tobacco Users, minimizing potential confounds with additional exclusion criteria (e.g., marijuana use). Participants will be tested at a 2 time points, 18 months apart. This study will be the first and largest to date that longitudinally quantifies key physiological and developmental changes associated with adolescent vaping, providing data on the impact of vaping on brain structural/functional, cognitive and psychosocial maturation and autonomic nervous system function. The findings from Project 2 will be utilized by Project 4 as potential targets for vaping prevention messages.

摘要 – 项目 2：青少年电子烟对大脑健康的影响 人们越来越担心，吸食尼古丁可能会影响青春期的大脑健康，这是一个快速发展的时期。 成熟。尼古丁直接影响整个神经系统的烟碱胆碱能受体，导致 许多晚期发育的大脑区域的功能变化，包括与注意力、记忆力有关的区域， 执行功能、社会认知和情绪处理。先前的研究证实尼古丁（在动物中 模型）和吸烟（人类）影响大脑结构和功能；认知和心理社会功能； 和自主调节。然而，人们对电子烟的尼古丁（包括使用频率）如何产生知之甚少。 产品特性和累积接触会影响青少年的大脑健康。此外，其他 电子烟气溶胶的化学成分（例如丙烯醛）也可能影响大脑发育。我们的 总体假设是，电子烟会影响特定区域/网络和相关的大脑健康 与注意力、记忆、执行功能、社会认知和情感相关的认知/心理社会领域 加工。我们新颖的机制假设是，电子烟对大脑的影响与 自主神经系统增加交感神经张力并减弱副交感神经张力 脑血流量以及感兴趣区域和网络的连接性的相关变化。我们三个 具体目标是 1) 确定电子烟对青少年大脑功能和结构的影响； 2）检查 电子烟对认知和社会心理发展的影响，3) 评估电子烟对自主神经的影响 神经系统功能。我们将对通过纵向在线调查招募的 360 名青少年进行评估 基于实验室的研究，使用当前吸烟者与从不吸烟者的 2:1 比例，最大限度地减少潜在的混淆 具有额外的排除标准（例如吸食大麻）。参与者将在 18 个月的 2 个时间点进行测试 分开。这项研究将是迄今为止第一个也是规模最大的纵向量化关键生理和心理因素的研究。 与青少年吸电子烟相关的发育变化，提供有关吸电子烟对大脑影响的数据 结构/功能、认知和社会心理成熟以及自主神经系统功能。这 项目 4 将利用项目 2 的调查结果作为电子烟预防信息的潜在目标。