Chemosensation and COVID-19

化学反应和 COVID-19

• 批准号: 10927716
• 负责人: Paule Joseph
• 金额: $ 6.68万
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON ALCOHOL ABUSE AND ALCOHOLISM
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10927716
• 关键词: 2019-nCoV; Address; Adult; Affect; Ageusia; Alcohol abuse; Alcohols; Altered Taste; Anhedonia; Anosmia; Biological; Biological Markers; COVID-19; COVID-19 impact; COVID-19 pandemic; COVID-19 pandemic effects; COVID-19 patient; COVID-19 risk; Chemicals; Child; Clinical Protocols; Collaborations; Community Outreach; Complement; Data; Dysgeusia; Eating Behavior; Education; Esthesia; Extramural Activities; Family; Financial Hardship; Food; Friends; Genetic; Grouping; Health; Health Personnel; Household; Immune response; Impairment; Income; Individual; Infection; Inflammation; Institutional Review Boards; Interruption; Intervention; Irritants; Loneliness; Long COVID; Manuscripts; Measures; Mental Health; Minority Groups; Modeling; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; Natural History; Neurologic Symptoms; Neurons; Olfactory dysfunction; Outcome; Paraosmias; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Patients; Perception; Persons; Phenotype; Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection; Prevalence; Psychophysics; Public Health; Publishing; Quality of life; Recording of previous events; Regression Analysis; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Resolution; Risk; Role; SARS coronavirus; SARS-CoV-2 infection; Screening procedure; Sensory; Serology; Smell Perception; Standardization; Stress; Sum; Surveys; Symptoms; System; Taste Perception; Testing; Time; Variant; Vulnerable Populations; Woman; Work; Writing; alcohol craving; alcohol use disorder; analytical method; anxiety symptoms; biobank; cohort; coping; coronavirus disease; cost effective; depressive symptoms; design; drinking; ethnic minority; exosome; experience; follow-up; high risk; home test; hyposmia; men; multimodality; nasal obstruction; neuromechanism; perceived stress; physical conditioning; post-COVID-19; psychologic; racial minority; research study; response; social; stressor; symptomatic improvement

We wrote our clinical protocol for submission to IRB soon. However, through collaborations with other investigators both intramural and extramural we have published a number of manuscripts regarding this topic. The multimodal impact of COVID-19 and the lack of perceived nasal obstruction suggest that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus strain 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection may disrupt sensory-neural mechanisms. In collaboration, we co-authored a manuscript that confirmed in an independent cohort that chemosensory deficits are the best predictor of serologic response among individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 (Overdest et al., 2022). Using the Global consortium for chemosensory research (GCCR) cohort, we looked at quantitative and qualitative olfactory dysfunction and other symptoms in patients recovering from COVID-19-related smell loss. At follow-up (median time since COVID-19 onset 200 days), 60% of women and 48% of men reported less than 80% of their pre-illness smell ability. Taste typically recovered faster than smell, and taste loss rarely persisted if smell recovered (Ohla et al., 2022). Prevalence of parosmia and phantosmia was 10% of participants in Survey 1 and increased substantially in Survey 2: 47% for parosmia and 25% for phantosmia. Persistent smell impairment was associated with more symptoms, suggesting it may be a key marker of long-COVID illness. Persistent qualitative smell symptoms are emerging as common long-term sequelae of COVID-19 infection. Thus, more research into treatment options is strongly warranted, given that even conservative estimates suggest millions of individuals may experience parosmia following COVID-19. Healthcare providers worldwide must be prepared to treat post-COVID-19 secondary effects on physical and mental health. Lastly, following up on our published results from 2020 & 2021 from the GCCR studies, we confirmed that COVID-19 affects taste independently of smell by conducting a chemosensory home test and online survey from a global cohort (Nguyen et al., 2023). Assessing the smell and taste intensity of household items is a promising, cost-effective screening tool that complements self-reports and helps to disentangle taste loss from smell loss. However, it does not replace standardized, validated psychophysical tests. Expanding our contribution to COVID-19 effects on Alcohol Use Disorder, we co-authored a manuscript with Dr. Ramchandani that showed that COVID-related stressors disproportionately affected minority and vulnerable groups. Individuals who experienced multiple financial stressors had the greatest risk for negative health-related outcomes and may benefit from holistic interventions and community outreach. In short, the participants were 463 adults who completed the baseline assessment of the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism COVID-19 Pandemic Impact on Alcohol Study from June 2020 to January 2022. Three analytic methods (continuous sum score, categorical grouping, and LCA) were applied to model 17 COVID-related stressors using cross-sectional data. Regression analyses indicated higher COVID-related stress and endorsement of four or more COVID-related stressors was generally associated with worse health-related outcomes. LCA revealed four classes: Class 1: Minimal COVID-Related Impact (51.6%); Class 2: Work Interruptions (24.8%); Class 3: Family/Friends Affected by COVID (14.5%); and Class 4: Serious Financial Stress (9.1%). Racial/ethnic minorities were more likely to be in Class 3, whereas individuals with more years of education and higher income were less likely to be in Class 4. Individuals with a history of alcohol use disorder were more likely to be in Classes 2 and 4. Compared with Class 1, Class 4 reported the highest levels of perceived stress, problematic alcohol use, anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, alcohol craving, loneliness, drinking to cope, and the lowest levels of physical, psychological, social, and environmental quality of life (Luk et al., 2023). Intramurally, as discussed, we established collaborations during the COVID-19 pandemic. Patients with AUD are at higher risk of COVID-19. We began to evaluate the data collected in the natural history of the COVID-19 impact alcohol study led by Drs. Ramchandani and Diazgranados.

我们编写了临床方案，并很快提交给IRB。然而，通过与其他研究人员的合作，我们已经发表了一些关于这个主题的手稿。 COVID-19的多模式影响和缺乏可感知的鼻塞表明，严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒株2（SARS-CoV-2）感染可能会破坏感觉神经机制。在合作中，我们共同撰写了一份手稿，该手稿在一个独立的队列中证实了化学感觉缺陷是感染SARS-CoV-2的个体中血清学应答的最佳预测因子（Overdest et al.，2022年）。使用全球化学感觉研究联盟（GCCR）队列，我们研究了从COVID-19相关嗅觉丧失中恢复的患者的定量和定性嗅觉功能障碍和其他症状。在随访时（自COVID-19发病以来的中位时间为200天），60%的女性和48%的男性报告称其嗅觉能力不到患病前的80%。味觉通常比嗅觉恢复得更快，并且如果嗅觉恢复，味觉丧失很少持续（Ohla等人，2022年）。在调查1中，嗅觉异常和幻嗅觉的患病率为10%，在调查2中大幅增加：嗅觉异常为47%，幻嗅觉为25%。持续的嗅觉障碍与更多的症状有关，这表明它可能是长期COVID疾病的关键标志。持续的定性气味症状正在成为COVID-19感染的常见长期后遗症。因此，考虑到即使是保守的估计也表明数百万人可能在COVID-19后出现嗅觉异常，因此有必要对治疗方案进行更多的研究。世界各地的医疗保健提供者必须做好准备，应对COVID-19后对身心健康的继发影响。最后，根据我们发表的2020年和2021年GCCR研究结果，我们通过对全球队列进行化学感觉家庭测试和在线调查，证实COVID-19对味觉的影响独立于嗅觉（Nguyen et al.，2023年）。评估家居用品的气味和味道强度是一种有前途的、具有成本效益的筛选工具，它补充了自我报告，有助于将味觉损失与嗅觉损失区分开来。然而，它并不能取代标准化的、经过验证的心理物理测试。 为了扩大我们对COVID-19对酒精使用障碍的影响的贡献，我们与Ramchandani博士共同撰写了一份手稿，该手稿表明，与COVID相关的压力因素对少数群体和弱势群体的影响不成比例。经历过多重财务压力的个人最有可能出现与健康有关的负面结果，并可能从整体干预和社区外展中受益。简而言之，参与者是463名成年人，他们在2020年6月至2022年1月期间完成了国家酒精滥用和酒精中毒研究所COVID-19大流行对酒精研究的基线评估。采用三种分析方法（连续总分、分类分组和LCA），使用横断面数据对17种COVID相关压力源进行建模。回归分析表明，更高的COVID相关压力和四个或更多COVID相关压力源的认可通常与更差的健康相关结果相关。LCA揭示了四类：一级：最小的COVID相关影响（51.6%）;第2类：工作中断（24.8%）;第3类：受COVID影响的家人/朋友（14.5%）;第4类：严重的财务压力（9.1%）。少数种族/族裔更有可能在3级，而受教育年限更长和收入更高的人不太可能在4级。有酒精使用障碍史的人更有可能在2级和4级。与1级相比，4级报告了最高水平的感知压力，有问题的酒精使用，焦虑症状，抑郁症状，酒精渴望，孤独，饮酒以科普，以及最低水平的身体，心理，社会和环境生活质量（Luk等人，2023年）。 如前所述，我们在COVID-19疫情期间建立了内部合作。AUD患者患COVID-19的风险更高。我们开始评估由Ramchandani博士和Diazgranados博士领导的COVID-19影响酒精研究的自然历史中收集的数据。

项目成果

Reply: taste loss as a distinct symptom of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

答复：味觉丧失作为 COVID-19 的一个独特症状：系统评价和荟萃分析。

• DOI: 10.1093/chemse/bjad012
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Chemical senses
• 影响因子: 3.5
• 作者: Hannum,MackenzieE;Koch,RileyJ;Ramirez,VicenteA;Marks,SarahS;Toskala,AuroraK;Herriman,RileyD;Lin,Cailu;Joseph,PauleV;Reed,DanielleR
• 通讯作者: Reed,DanielleR

Role of Olfaction in Human Health: A Focus on Coronaviruses.

嗅觉在人类健康中的作用：关注冠状病毒。

• DOI: 10.1177/2152656720928245
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Allergy & rhinology (Providence, R.I.)
• 作者: Jaime-Lara,RosarioB;Parma,Valentina;Yan,CarolH;Faraji,Farhoud;Joseph,PauleV
• 通讯作者: Joseph,PauleV

Changes in Alcohol-Related Behaviors and Quality of Life During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Impact of Alcohol Use Disorder Diagnosis and Treatment History.

COVID-19 大流行期间酒精相关行为和生活质量的变化：酒精使用障碍诊断和治疗史的影响。

• DOI: 10.4088/jcp.22br14462
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: The Journal of clinical psychiatry
• 作者: Luk,JeremyW;Stangl,BethanyL;Gunawan,Tommy;Schwandt,MelanieL;Morris,JamesK;Axelowitz,JaredC;Chawla,Sumedha;Lee,BethA;Carraco,Megan;Walsh,Sheila;McDuffie,Christian;Agarwal,Khushbu;Joseph,PauleV;Momenan,Reza;Goldman,David