Cell Signaling of Host Defense

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The Host Defense Group of the Laboratory of Respiratory Biology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, headed by Michael B. Fessler, MD now enters its 17th year at the NIEHS. Publications since the last annual report include: 1. A collaborative report identifying genetic variants of the MHC locus associated with late-onset asthma 2. A collaborative report on the role of cholesterol biosynthesis in murine cranial neural crest cell biology 3. A senior-author report identifying an important role for 25-hydroxycholesterol in lung injury in mice and humans 4. A senior-author report of a meta-analysis of single cell-RNA sequencing data of cells from COVID-19 patient lungs, identifying novel changes in alveolar epithelial cells. 5. A collaborative report identifying roles for prohibitins in macrophage inflammatory biology 6. A collaborative report on application of machine learning methods to weighted survey data, using NHANES 7. A collaborative report identifying associations of distance to swine feeding operations with immune-mediated diseases 8. A collaborative report using alveolar biomarkers to identify different types of patients who have acute respiratory distress syndrome Additional accomplishments since our last report include Dr. Fessler's invited oral presentations at ENDO 2023 (Endocrine Society meeting), at the Third Conference on Small Airways and PExA at University of Gothenburg, at ACR Convergence, and at Duke University Pulmonary Grand Rounds. Dr. Fessler has also continued his work as Associate Editor for the American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology.