Low Cost High Frame Rate Detector for Macromolecular Diffraction and Scattering

用于大分子衍射和散射的低成本高帧率探测器

• 批准号: 7744537
• 负责人: VIVEK V NAGARKAR
• 金额: $ 13.68万
• 依托单位: RADIATION MONITORING DEVICES, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-26 至 2010-09-25
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7744537
• 关键词: Address; Area; Biocompatible Materials; Biological; Biological Products; Coupled; Deposition; Detection; Development; Diagnostic radiologic examination; Electronics; Evaluation; Film; Goals; Grasshoppers; Image; Individual; Laboratories; Light; Medical Imaging; Nature; Noise; Operative Surgical Procedures; Optics; Output; Performance; Phase; Photons; Physics; Process; Property; Reporting; Research; Resolution; Resources; Roentgen Rays; Scanning; Security; Semiconductors; Source; Specimen; Speed; Synchrotrons; System; Technology; Testing; Thick; Time; Work; Writing; X ray diffraction analysis; X-Ray Computed Tomography; X-Ray Diffraction; absorption; beamline; biological systems; cost; design; detector; imaging detector; lens; macromolecule; millisecond; novel; prototype; public health relevance; research study; sensor; vapor

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Advanced photon sources are capable of providing extremely high X-ray intensities and have proven to be outstanding resources for X-ray scattering and time-resolved diffraction of materials such as organic semiconductors used in electronics, photodiode, and photovoltaic applications, and biological materials such as non-crystalline biological systems. The problem, however, is in finding a detector that can provide multiple frames of detailed structural information on the required millisecond time scale with high spatial resolution, high sensitivity and large area. Recent detector designs address some of these requirements, but none satisfies all - yet they are prohibitively expensive. Development of new and cost-effective detectors that can simultaneously address all of these demanding needs is the key to fully exploiting these outstanding new X-ray sources. To address these limitations we propose to develop a novel X-ray imaging detector that can simultaneously provide millisecond time resolution, high spatial resolution, large imaging area, sensitivity to detect individual low energy X-rays above the noise, and wide dynamic range, all at a very low cost compared to current detector systems. Our approach is to take advantage of revolutionary new developments in low-cost readout sensors and mitigate their limitations through the use of novel system components such as an advanced new scintillator from RMD. The goal of the Phase I research is to demonstrate the feasibility of developing such a detector for synchrotron applications. Specifically, we will develop technologies to fabricate the new scintillator with the desired properties and integrate this sensor with a high-speed readout to form a prototype detector. The detector thus produced will be thoroughly evaluated in our laboratory as well as at the Advanced Photon Source (APS) at Argonne National Laboratory to establish its sensitivity, resolution, and speed of operation. The Phase II project will build on the Phase I research and will seek to develop and deliver a fully functional large area detector for macromolecular diffraction and scattering studies to be performed at the APS synchrotron beamline. Beside its exceptional value in critical time-resolved X-ray diffraction and scattering studies of biological systems, this detector will find widespread use in many areas of medical imaging, high speed computed tomography, non-destructive testing, and basic physics research. Due to its high performance, compact nature and very low cost, the proposed detector will be ideally suited for homeland security applications ranging from baggage scanning to detection of biological agents without contaminating the detector system. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The proposed research will develop a novel X-ray imaging detector that can simultaneously provide millisecond time resolution, high spatial resolution, large imaging area, sensitivity to detect individual low energy X-rays above the noise, and wide dynamic range, all at a very low cost compared to current detector systems. Our approach is to take advantage of revolutionary new developments in low-cost readout sensors and counterbalance their limitations through the use of novel system components such as an advanced new scintillator from RMD. The availability of such a sensor will enable advancements in the high speed X-ray imaging detector technology needed for many critically important biological studies such as static and time- resolved scattering from macromolecules, high speed computed tomography, etc.

描述(申请人提供)：先进的光子源能够提供极高的X射线强度，并已被证明是用于材料的X射线散射和时间分辨衍射的优秀资源，例如用于电子、光电二极管和光伏应用的有机半导体，以及诸如非晶体生物系统的生物材料。然而，问题在于寻找一种能够在所需毫秒时间尺度上提供多帧详细结构信息的探测器，并且具有高空间分辨率、高灵敏度和大面积。最近的探测器设计解决了其中一些要求，但没有一个满足所有要求--但它们昂贵得令人望而却步。开发能够同时满足所有这些苛刻需求的新的、成本效益高的探测器是充分利用这些杰出的新X射线源的关键。为了解决这些限制，我们建议开发一种新型的X射线成像探测器，它可以同时提供毫秒的时间分辨率、高空间分辨率、大成像面积、检测噪声以上的单个低能X射线的灵敏度和宽动态范围，所有这些都与当前的探测器系统相比成本非常低。我们的方法是利用低成本读出传感器的革命性新发展，并通过使用新的系统组件来缓解其局限性，例如来自RMD的先进的新型闪烁体。第一阶段研究的目标是证明开发用于同步加速器应用的这种探测器的可行性。具体地说，我们将开发技术来制造具有所需特性的新闪烁体，并将该传感器与高速读数集成以形成原型探测器。这样生产的探测器将在我们的实验室以及阿贡国家实验室的先进光子源(APS)上进行彻底的评估，以确定其灵敏度、分辨率和操作速度。第二阶段项目将建立在第一阶段研究的基础上，并将寻求开发和交付一种功能齐全的大面积探测器，用于在APS同步加速器光束线上进行的大分子衍射和散射研究。除了在生物系统的关键时间分辨X射线衍射和散射研究中具有特殊的价值外，该探测器还将在医学成像、高速计算机层析成像、无损检测和基础物理研究的许多领域得到广泛应用。由于其高性能、紧凑性和非常低的成本，建议的探测器将非常适合于从行李扫描到生物制剂检测的国土安全应用，而不会污染探测器系统。与公共健康相关：拟议的研究将开发一种新型的X射线成像探测器，它可以同时提供毫秒的时间分辨率、高空间分辨率、大成像面积、检测噪声以上的单个低能X射线的灵敏度和宽动态范围，所有这些都与当前的探测器系统相比成本非常低。我们的方法是利用低成本读出传感器的革命性新发展，并通过使用新的系统组件来抵消它们的局限性，例如来自RMD的先进的新型闪烁体。这种传感器的出现将使许多至关重要的生物学研究所需的高速X射线成像探测器技术取得进步，如大分子的静态和时间分辨散射、高速计算机断层成像等。