FASEB SRC on Glucose Transporters, Signaling and Diabetes

描述（由申请人提供）：通过其被代谢和感知的能力，葡萄糖在生物学中发挥了许多关键作用。葡萄糖是大脑中能量产生的主要燃料来源，其循环血浆水平受许多冗余机制调节。葡萄糖由胰腺β细胞感知，胰腺β细胞通过分泌适量的胰岛素来调节葡萄糖转运到外周组织中来做出反应。葡萄糖转运和疾病之间最重要的联系之一是胰岛素抵抗的发展，这是2型糖尿病发病机制中的关键缺陷，其表现为胰岛素逐渐不能诱导葡萄糖转运到脂肪和肌肉组织中。此外，癌细胞已经发展出独特的机制来利用葡萄糖来支持不受控制的生长。除了其在细胞和全身生物能量学中的关键作用外，葡萄糖在蛋白质的正确折叠中起着关键作用，因此对于维持细胞结构至关重要。所有上述过程都绝对需要葡萄糖转运蛋白（GLUT）的存在和功能，葡萄糖转运蛋白是专门用于识别和跨膜移动葡萄糖的跨膜蛋白。FASEB夏季研究会议系列始于20世纪90年代，标题为“葡萄糖转运蛋白生物学”，是参与葡萄糖转运研究的科学家每两年面对面讨论新发现，出现的问题以及葡萄糖转运复杂问题及其巨大生理影响的新兴实验方法的独特场所。2011年FASEB葡萄糖转运蛋白、信号传导和糖尿病会议旨在聚集理想的研究人员组合，包括葡萄糖转运领域的领导者、涉及葡萄糖转运领域的领导者，但通常协助其他领域（例如癌症、表观遗传学）的会议，以及该领域的新研究人员和受训人员。将利用新的机制，最大限度地扩大有经验的和新的调查员和受训人员之间的互动，包括在口头会议结束时进行综合性的有指导的讨论，以及在会议之间进行“会见专家”的会议。NIDDK的资金对于补贴尽可能多的年轻调查员的旅行和住房费用至关重要。会议将通过从提交的摘要中选择许多演讲者来结合与会者的不同兴趣。此外，我们将特别努力吸引少数民族科学家，并保持约50%的女性演讲者的传统参与。 公共卫生相关性：2011年FASEB葡萄糖转运蛋白、信号传导和糖尿病会议旨在召集一组由该领域领导者组成的研究人员，以及新的研究人员和学员，讨论新的发现、出现的问题和新兴的实验方法，以解决葡萄糖转运的复杂问题及其巨大的生理影响。这一主题与人类健康高度相关，因为葡萄糖是体内燃料的主要来源，而2型糖尿病的调节被破坏，这种疾病在我们的社会中达到流行病的水平。此外，癌细胞已经发展出独特的机制来利用葡萄糖来支持不受控制的生长。因此，在葡萄糖转运领域的持续合作对于理解和改善人类健康至关重要。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Through its ability to be metabolized and sensed, glucose fulfills numerous crucial roles in biology. Glucose is the primary source of fuel for energy production in the brain, and its circulating plasma levels are regulated by numerous redundant mechanisms. Glucose is sensed by pancreatic beta cells, which respond by secreting the appropriate amount of insulin to regulate transport of glucose into peripheral tissues. One of the most important links between glucose transport and disease is the development of insulin resistance, a key defect in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes, which is manifested by the progressive inability of insulin to induce glucose transport into adipose and muscle tissues. Furthermore, cancer cells have developed unique mechanisms to utilize glucose to support uncontrolled growth. In addition to its critical role in cell and whole body bioenergetics, glucose plays a critical role in the proper folding of proteins, and is thus critical for the maintenance of cellular architecture. All of the aforementioned processes absolutely require the presence and function of glucose transporters (GLUTs), which are transmembrane proteins specialized for the recognition and movement of glucose across membranes. The series of FASEB Summer Research Conferences, initiated in the 1990s with the title "Glucose Transporter Biology" has been a unique venue for scientists involved in the study of glucose transport to meet every two years face to face to discuss new findings, arising questions, and emerging experimental approaches to the complex problem of glucose transport and its vast physiological repercussion. The 2011 FASEB Conference on Glucose Transporters, Signaling and Diabetes aims to gather an ideal mix of investigators comprising leaders in the field of glucose transport, leaders in fields that involve glucose transport, but who typically assist meetings in other areas (e.g. cancer, epigenetics), and new investigators and trainees in this field. New mechanisms will be utilized to maximize interactions between experienced and new investigators and trainees, including integrative directed discussions at the end of oral sessions, and "meet the expert" sessions interspersed between sessions. Funding from NIDDK will be essential for subsidizing travel and housing expenses for as many of these young investigators as possible. The conference will incorporate the diverse interests of attendees by choosing many speakers from submitted abstracts. In addition, we will make special efforts to attract minority scientists, and maintain the traditional participation of about 50% women speakers. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Project Narrative The 2011 FASEB Conference on Glucose Transporters, Signaling and Diabetes aims to gather a group of investigators comprising leaders in the field, as well as new investigators and trainees, to discuss new findings, arising questions, and emerging experimental approaches to the complex problem of glucose transport and its vast physiological repercussion. This topic is highly related to human health, as glucose is the primary source of fuel in the body, and its regulation is disrupted in type 2 diabetes, a disease reaching epidemic levels in our society. Furthermore, cancer cells have developed unique mechanisms to utilize glucose to support uncontrolled growth. Thus, continued collaborative effort in the field of glucose transport is important in understanding and improving human health.