FASEB SRC on Glucose Transporters, Signaling and Diabetes

描述(由申请人提供)：葡萄糖通过其代谢和感觉的能力，在生物学中发挥着许多重要的作用。葡萄糖是大脑产生能量的主要燃料来源，其循环血浆水平受到许多冗余机制的调节。葡萄糖是由胰岛β细胞感知的，它通过分泌适量的胰岛素来调节葡萄糖向外周组织的运输。葡萄糖转运与疾病之间最重要的环节之一是胰岛素抵抗的发展，胰岛素抵抗是2型糖尿病发病机制中的一个关键缺陷，表现为胰岛素逐渐不能诱导葡萄糖转运进入脂肪和肌肉组织。此外，癌细胞已经开发出独特的机制来利用葡萄糖来支持不受控制的生长。除了在细胞和全身生物能量学中的关键作用外，葡萄糖在蛋白质的正确折叠中也起着关键作用，因此对维持细胞结构至关重要。所有上述过程都绝对需要葡萄糖转运蛋白(GLUT)的存在和功能，葡萄糖转运蛋白是专门用于识别和跨膜移动葡萄糖的跨膜蛋白。FASE B夏季研究会议系列会议始于20世纪90年代，标题为“葡萄糖转运蛋白生物学”，是参与葡萄糖转运蛋白研究的科学家每两年面对面开会的独特场所，讨论关于葡萄糖转运蛋白及其巨大的生理影响这一复杂问题的新发现、产生的问题和新的实验方法。2011年FASEB葡萄糖转运蛋白、信号转导和糖尿病会议旨在聚集理想的研究人员组合，包括葡萄糖转运蛋白领域的领导者、涉及葡萄糖转运蛋白的领域的领导者，但通常协助其他领域(如癌症、表观遗传学)的会议，以及该领域的新研究员和实习生。将利用新机制最大限度地促进有经验的和新的调查员和受训人员之间的互动，包括在口头会议结束时进行综合指导讨论，并在会议之间举行“会见专家”会议。NIDDK的资金将是补贴尽可能多的年轻调查人员的旅费和住房费用的关键。会议将通过从提交的摘要中选择许多演讲者来纳入与会者的不同兴趣。此外，我们将特别努力吸引少数族裔科学家，并保持50%左右的女性演讲者的传统参与。 公共卫生相关性：项目叙述2011年FASEB葡萄糖转运、信号和糖尿病会议旨在聚集一组研究人员，包括该领域的领导者以及新的研究人员和受训人员，讨论新的发现、引起的问题以及对葡萄糖运输及其巨大的生理影响的复杂问题的新的实验方法。这个话题与人类健康高度相关，因为葡萄糖是人体内主要的燃料来源，而2型糖尿病对葡萄糖的调节被打乱，2型糖尿病是一种在我们社会中达到流行水平的疾病。此外，癌细胞已经开发出独特的机制来利用葡萄糖来支持不受控制的生长。因此，在葡萄糖转运领域的持续合作努力对于理解和改善人类健康是重要的。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Through its ability to be metabolized and sensed, glucose fulfills numerous crucial roles in biology. Glucose is the primary source of fuel for energy production in the brain, and its circulating plasma levels are regulated by numerous redundant mechanisms. Glucose is sensed by pancreatic beta cells, which respond by secreting the appropriate amount of insulin to regulate transport of glucose into peripheral tissues. One of the most important links between glucose transport and disease is the development of insulin resistance, a key defect in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes, which is manifested by the progressive inability of insulin to induce glucose transport into adipose and muscle tissues. Furthermore, cancer cells have developed unique mechanisms to utilize glucose to support uncontrolled growth. In addition to its critical role in cell and whole body bioenergetics, glucose plays a critical role in the proper folding of proteins, and is thus critical for the maintenance of cellular architecture. All of the aforementioned processes absolutely require the presence and function of glucose transporters (GLUTs), which are transmembrane proteins specialized for the recognition and movement of glucose across membranes. The series of FASEB Summer Research Conferences, initiated in the 1990s with the title "Glucose Transporter Biology" has been a unique venue for scientists involved in the study of glucose transport to meet every two years face to face to discuss new findings, arising questions, and emerging experimental approaches to the complex problem of glucose transport and its vast physiological repercussion. The 2011 FASEB Conference on Glucose Transporters, Signaling and Diabetes aims to gather an ideal mix of investigators comprising leaders in the field of glucose transport, leaders in fields that involve glucose transport, but who typically assist meetings in other areas (e.g. cancer, epigenetics), and new investigators and trainees in this field. New mechanisms will be utilized to maximize interactions between experienced and new investigators and trainees, including integrative directed discussions at the end of oral sessions, and "meet the expert" sessions interspersed between sessions. Funding from NIDDK will be essential for subsidizing travel and housing expenses for as many of these young investigators as possible. The conference will incorporate the diverse interests of attendees by choosing many speakers from submitted abstracts. In addition, we will make special efforts to attract minority scientists, and maintain the traditional participation of about 50% women speakers. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Project Narrative The 2011 FASEB Conference on Glucose Transporters, Signaling and Diabetes aims to gather a group of investigators comprising leaders in the field, as well as new investigators and trainees, to discuss new findings, arising questions, and emerging experimental approaches to the complex problem of glucose transport and its vast physiological repercussion. This topic is highly related to human health, as glucose is the primary source of fuel in the body, and its regulation is disrupted in type 2 diabetes, a disease reaching epidemic levels in our society. Furthermore, cancer cells have developed unique mechanisms to utilize glucose to support uncontrolled growth. Thus, continued collaborative effort in the field of glucose transport is important in understanding and improving human health.