Neighborhood Environments and Disparities in Obesity Rates in New York City

纽约市的社区环境和肥胖率差异

• 批准号: 8017874
• 负责人: Andrew G Rundle
• 金额: $ 4.36万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-06-01 至 2010-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8017874
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; African American; Age; Automobiles; Body Size; Body Weight; Body mass index; Caucasians; Caucasoid Race; Characteristics; Cities; Code; Collaborations; Community Health; Consumption; Crime; Data; Data Analyses; Data Set; Databases; Development; Diet; Digit structure; Education; Environment; Esthetics; Ethnic Origin; Food; Food Services; Fruit; Funding; Gender; Geographic Information Systems; Goals; Health; Health Club; Health Surveys; Height; Hispanics; Home environment; Incidence; Income; Individual; Interview; Licensing; Life; Life Style; Literature; Location; Low income; Marketing; Measures; Mediating; Mental Health; Minority; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Neighborhoods; New York; New York City; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Obesity; Pattern; Physical activity; Prevalence; Process; Public Health; Race; Recreation; Reporting; Research; Research Project Grants; Resources; Respondent; Restaurants; Risk Factors; Safety; Sampling; Schools; Series; Services; Social Environment; Socioeconomic Status; Sports; Supermarket; Surveys; Telephone; Testing; Time; United States; Universities; Variant; Walking; Weight; Work; base; density; design; farmer; fast food; fruits and vegetables; good diet; land use; low socioeconomic status; multilevel analysis; pedestrian injury; racial and ethnic; residence; sedentary; simulation; social capital; socioeconomics; trafficking

This project will determine whether racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in the prevalence of obesity, sedentary lifestyles and poor diet in New York City are explained by disparities in neighborhood resources that support physical activity (e.g. gyms, parks, pleasant walking environments) and healthy diets (e.g. grocery stores, fruit markets, healthy food restaurants) across neighborhoods in New York. Obesity, sedentary lifestyles, and poor diets are major risk factors for the development of type 2 Diabetes and in New York City these risk factors are far more common among African Americans, Hispanics and those of lower socio-economic status. Prior research in New York City shows that neighborhood characteristics such as urban design features and neighborhood socioeconomic status predict body mass index (BMI). Furthermore, the availability of grocery stores, fruit markets, fast food restaurants, gyms and health clubs, vary by neighborhood in New York City, with minority and poorer neighborhoods having fewer positive resources. The proposed research is a collaboration between Columbia University and the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (NYCDOHMH). Interview data on demographic characteristics, physical activity, consumption of fruits and vegetables and height and weight (used to calculate BMI) from ~45,000 New Yorkers will be combined with a geographic information system (GIS) based model of the characteristics of New York City neighborhoods. The interview data and zip code of residence were collected as part of five annual citywide random digit dial interviews conducted by NYCDOHMH that occurred from 2002 to 2006, and the sample is representative of the city and its neighborhoods. The GIS model is being built as part of ongoing research on neighborhood effects and is the most comprehensive model of neighborhood resources in New York City built to date. The NYCDOHMH will contribute additional data on restaurant locations from the food service licensing database, locations of pedestrian injuries from automobiles, and neighborhood social capital from their neighborhood surveys. Neighborhoods will be defined using zip codes, and prior research has shown that variation in built and social environment variables at this level are strongly predictive of BMI. Multilevel models will be used to determine the extent to which neighborhood characteristics account for racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in BMI, physical activity and consumption of fruits and vegetables across zip codes in New York City. In addition to analyzing the effects of race/ethnicity and socio-economic status the analyses will control for age, gender and U.S. or foreign born status, and the socio-demographic characteristics of the zip code of residence. This research will contribute to NIDDK's goal of understanding the underlying causes of disparities in the distribution of known risk factors for type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, the analyses will be used to guide New York City's ongoing long term planning process for using urban design to promote public health.

该项目将确定是否种族/民族和社会经济差异的流行， 纽约市的肥胖、久坐不动的生活方式和糟糕的饮食习惯可以用邻里之间的不平等来解释 支持体力活动的资源（例如健身房、公园、舒适的步行环境）和健康饮食 (e.g.杂货店、水果市场、健康食品餐馆）遍布纽约的各个街区。肥胖， 久坐不动的生活方式和不良的饮食习惯是2型糖尿病发展的主要危险因素， 约克城这些危险因素在非洲裔美国人、西班牙裔美国人和低收入美国人中更为常见。 社会经济地位。之前在纽约市进行的研究表明， 设计特征和社区社会经济状况预测身体质量指数（BMI）。而且 杂货店、水果市场、快餐店、健身房和健身俱乐部的可用性因社区而异 在纽约市，少数民族和贫困社区的积极资源较少。拟议 这项研究是哥伦比亚大学和纽约市卫生部合作进行的， 心理卫生（NYCDOHMH）。关于人口特征、体育活动、消费的访谈数据 水果和蔬菜以及身高和体重（用于计算BMI），来自约45，000名纽约人， 结合基于地理信息系统（GIS）的纽约市特征模型 邻里关系访谈数据和居住地的邮政编码作为五年一次的全市范围内的一部分收集 NYCDOHMH在2002年至2006年进行的随机数字拨号访谈，样本为 代表城市及其周边地区。地理信息系统模型是正在进行的研究的一部分， 邻里效应，是最全面的邻里资源模型在纽约市建成 迄今NYCDOHMH将从食品服务许可证中提供有关餐馆位置的额外数据 数据库，汽车行人受伤的位置，以及社区的社会资本， 邻里调查。社区将使用邮政编码来定义，之前的研究表明， 在这个水平上，建筑和社会环境变量的变化对BMI有很强的预测作用。多水平模型 将被用来确定邻里特征在多大程度上占种族/民族， 各邮政编码之间BMI、体育活动和水果蔬菜消费的社会经济差异 在纽约市。除了分析种族/民族和社会经济地位的影响外， 将控制年龄，性别和美国或外国出生的身份，以及社会人口特征， 居住地的邮政编码这项研究将有助于NIDDK的目标，了解的根本原因， 2型糖尿病已知危险因素分布的差异。此外，分析将用于 指导纽约市正在进行的长期规划过程中使用城市设计，以促进公众健康。

项目成果

Neighbourhood food environments and body mass index among New York City adults.

纽约市成年人的社区食物环境和体重指数。

• DOI: 10.1136/jech-2013-202354
• 发表时间: 2013
• 期刊: Journal of epidemiology and community health
• 影响因子: 6.3
• 作者: Stark,JamesH;Neckerman,Kathryn;Lovasi,GinaS;Konty,Kevin;Quinn,James;Arno,Peter;Viola,Deborah;Harris,TiffanyG;Weiss,ChristopherC;Bader,MichaelDM;Rundle,Andrew
• 通讯作者: Rundle,Andrew

Aesthetic amenities and safety hazards associated with walking and bicycling for transportation in New York City.

• DOI: 10.1007/s12160-012-9416-z
• 发表时间: 2013-02
• 期刊: ANNALS OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE
• 影响因子: 3.8
• 作者: Lovasi, Gina S.;Schwartz-Soicher, Ofira;Neckerman, Kathryn M.;Konty, Kevin;Kerker, Bonnie;Quinn, James;Rundle, Andrew
• 通讯作者: Rundle, Andrew