Community Influences on NHANES Diet and Physical Activity

描述(由申请人提供)：这份新的R01申请是为了响应PA-08-192地理和背景对能量平衡相关健康行为的影响而提交的。该项目建议使用国家健康和营养检查研究(NHANES)对肥胖相关背景和结果(即与肥胖相关的行为)和影响(即与肥胖相关的终点)进行多层次、纵向的评估。国家卫生统计中心最近向经批准的研究人员提供了地理参考NHANES以供分析。作为经批准的研究，该项目围绕社区和社区层面的各种食物和身体活动环境进行组织，以供自1999年以来进行并可获得的五项调查(即NHANES 1999-2000、2001-2002、2003-2004、2005-2006、2007-2008)中的连续NHANES参与者使用。通过在各自的社区(例如人口普查区域)和政治管辖区(例如人口普查地点)内定位NHANES调查受访者，并根据食物和体育活动环境来描述这些位置，可以利用NHANES的许多优势来评估肥胖文献中的一些突出问题。 与公共健康相关：尽管人们越来越意识到不良饮食、缺乏运动和超重对健康的负面影响，但肥胖症在美国的流行率已经上升到流行水平。公共卫生专家的共识是，个人变化不是肥胖症迅速上升的原因，解释必须在于美国社区和社区明显的环境变化所产生的更广泛的社会影响。拟议中的项目将利用美国最全面的全国性饮食和体力活动调查--国家健康和营养检查调查(NHANES)，通过使用NHANES参与者最近可用的地理位置来描述他们附近和社区的食物和体育活动环境，从而研究疫情。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This new R01 application is submitted in response to PA-08-192 Geographic and Contextual Influences on Energy Balance-Related Health Behaviors. The project proposes multilevel, longitudinal evaluation of obesity related contexts and resulting outcomes (i.e., obesity related behaviors) and impacts (i.e., obesity related endpoints) using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Study (NHANES). The National Center for Health Statistics has recently made available for analysis the georeferenced NHANES to approved researchers. As approved research, the project is organized around characterizing the various food and physical activity environments at the neighborhood and community levels for Continuous NHANES participants in the five surveys conducted and available since 1999 (i.e., NHANES 1999-2000, 2001-2002, 2003-2004, 2005-2006, 2007-2008). By locating NHANES survey respondents within their respective neighborhoods (e.g., census tracts) and political jurisdictions (e.g., census place) and characterizing these locations in terms of the food and physical activity environments the many strengths of the NHANES can be brought to bear to evaluate a number of outstanding issues in the obesity literature. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Despite growing awareness of the negative health impact of poor diet, physical inactivity and excess weight, obesity prevalence has increased to epidemic levels in the United States. The consensus among public health experts is that individual changes are not responsible for the rapid rise in obesity and the explanation must lie in the broader societal effects resulting from environmental changes evidenced in American neighborhoods and communities. The proposed project will bring to bear the most comprehensive national survey of diet and physical activity in the United States, the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), for studying the epidemic by using the recently available geographic locations of NHANES participants to characterize their neighborhood and community food and physical activity environments.