Community Influences on NHANES Diet and Physical Activity

描述（由申请人提供）：此新R 01申请是为了响应PA-08-192地理和环境对能量平衡相关健康行为的影响而提交的。该项目提出了多层次的，纵向评估肥胖相关的背景和由此产生的结果（即，肥胖相关行为）和影响（即，肥胖相关终点）。国家卫生统计中心最近向批准的研究人员提供了地理参考NHANES进行分析。作为批准的研究，该项目是围绕表征各种食物和身体活动环境在邻里和社区层面的连续NHANES参与者在五个调查进行，并自1999年以来（即，1999-2000年、2001-2002年、2003-2004年、2005-2006年、2007-2008年）。通过将NHANES调查受访者定位在他们各自的社区内（例如，人口普查区）和政治管辖区（例如，人口普查地点），并在食物和身体活动环境方面表征这些地点，NHANES的许多优势可以用来评估肥胖文献中的一些突出问题。 公共卫生相关性：尽管人们越来越意识到不良饮食、缺乏体育活动和超重对健康的负面影响，但肥胖症的流行率在美国已经上升到流行病的水平。公共卫生专家的共识是，个人的变化不是肥胖症迅速上升的原因，解释必须在于美国社区和社区的环境变化所产生的更广泛的社会影响。拟议的项目将承担最全面的全国饮食和身体活动调查，在美国，全国健康和营养检查调查（NHANES），研究流行病，通过使用最近可用的地理位置的NHANES参与者，以描述他们的邻里和社区的食物和身体活动环境。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This new R01 application is submitted in response to PA-08-192 Geographic and Contextual Influences on Energy Balance-Related Health Behaviors. The project proposes multilevel, longitudinal evaluation of obesity related contexts and resulting outcomes (i.e., obesity related behaviors) and impacts (i.e., obesity related endpoints) using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Study (NHANES). The National Center for Health Statistics has recently made available for analysis the georeferenced NHANES to approved researchers. As approved research, the project is organized around characterizing the various food and physical activity environments at the neighborhood and community levels for Continuous NHANES participants in the five surveys conducted and available since 1999 (i.e., NHANES 1999-2000, 2001-2002, 2003-2004, 2005-2006, 2007-2008). By locating NHANES survey respondents within their respective neighborhoods (e.g., census tracts) and political jurisdictions (e.g., census place) and characterizing these locations in terms of the food and physical activity environments the many strengths of the NHANES can be brought to bear to evaluate a number of outstanding issues in the obesity literature. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Despite growing awareness of the negative health impact of poor diet, physical inactivity and excess weight, obesity prevalence has increased to epidemic levels in the United States. The consensus among public health experts is that individual changes are not responsible for the rapid rise in obesity and the explanation must lie in the broader societal effects resulting from environmental changes evidenced in American neighborhoods and communities. The proposed project will bring to bear the most comprehensive national survey of diet and physical activity in the United States, the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), for studying the epidemic by using the recently available geographic locations of NHANES participants to characterize their neighborhood and community food and physical activity environments.