College Alcohol Environmental and College Drinking

大学生饮酒是当今最重要和最复杂的公共卫生问题之一。学院 与所有其他年龄组相比，学生的酗酒率最高，估计每年有1 443人因酒精相关伤害死亡，504 415人因酒精相关非致命伤害。尽管大学饮酒受到关注，但没有研究探讨校园/社区环境在预测大学饮酒结果方面的物理和社会可用性方面的作用。该项目的总体目标是评估影响酒精供应的校园因素对学生个人饮酒模式的影响程度。这可能是社会规范营销干预的成功取决于校园层面的因素，例如在酒精含量高和/或酒精执法薄弱的校园，学生不太可能对纠正误解的规范做出反应。为了验证这一假设，该项目将与由NIAAA（R 01-AA 12471）资助的社会规范营销研究项目（SNMRP）合作，涉及32个干预和控制校区。在第1年和第2年，来自SNMRP的个人层面数据将与作为该项目一部分收集的校园/社区层面数据合并。校园/社区层面的数据将评估被认为影响大学饮酒的结构，包括：酒精控制政策，酒精广告和促销，无酒精选择，酒精执法实践和酒精出口密度。在第二年的措施，以评估上述结构将在其权力方面进行评估，在解释校园之间的差异，在个人饮酒模式。对SNMRP数据的初步分析表明，有很多东西需要解释，因为大致上， 10%（即，ICC = 0.095）的差异，在饮酒模式是校园之间。在第三年，发现可以解释校园之间饮酒模式差异的措施将被纳入正在进行的社会规范营销干预的评估中，以检验主要研究假设。该项目代表了在了解校园/社区层面的因素在影响大学饮酒结果的相对重要性的初步努力。这种知识对于开展有效的预防工作至关重要。

College drinking is one of the most significant and complex public health problems today. College students have the highest rate of heavy drinking compared to all other age groups resulting in an estimated 1,443 alcohol related injury deaths and 504,415 alcohol related nonfatal injuries annually. Despite the attention being paid to college drinking there are no studies that have looked at the role of the campus/community environment in terms of the physical and social availability of alcohol in predicting college drinking outcomes. The overall goal of the project is to evaluate the degree to which campus level factors affecting the availability of alcohol, influence individual student drinking patterns. It may be that the success of social norms marketing interventions are dependent on campus level factors, such that at campuses with high alcohol availability and/or weak alcohol enforcement, students are less likely to respond to corrections of misperceived norms. To test this hypothesis the project will partner with the Social Norms Marketing Research Project (SNMRP) funded by NIAAA (R01-AA12471) involving 32 intervention and control campuses. In Years 1 and 2 individual level data from the SNMRP will be merged with campus/community level data collected as part of this project. Campus/community level data will assess constructs thought to influence college drinking including: alcohol control policies, alcohol advertising and promotion, alcohol free options, alcohol enforcement practices, and alcohol outlet density. In Year 2 measures developed to assess the above constructs will be evaluated in terms of their power in explaining the between campus variance in individual drinking patterns. Preliminary analyses of SNMRP data suggest there is much to explain, since roughly 10% (i.e., ICC = .095) of the variance in drinking patterns is between campuses. In Year 3 measures found to explain the between campus differences in drinking patterns will then be incorporated in the evaluation of the ongoing social norms marketing intervention to test the primary study hypothesis. The project represents an initial effort at understanding the relative importance of campus/community level factors in impacting college drinking outcomes. Such knowledge is essential for the development of effective prevention efforts.