Population-Based Shape and Biomechanical Analysis of Hip Pathoanatomy

描述(由申请人提供)：可视化和量化组织形状及其相应的机械功能的能力在广泛的医学学科中是必不可少的，以确定疾病的特征、获得准确的诊断、计划治疗和设计医疗器械。使用CT或MRI获得的体积图像可以重建为3D模型。这些模型可以提供比单独测量2D图像所提供的更全面的描述。然而，从三维表面提取与临床相关的指标是困难的。同样重要的是，识别和比较3D解剖学的客观方法还不是现成的；破译哪些变异是正常的，哪些是病理的仍然具有挑战性。能够以一致和具有临床意义的方式统计分析生物组织3D形状的工具将解决这些问题中的每一个。缺乏可用的工具来分析形状并将形状参数与力学预测相关联，这代表着生物医学计算中的一个巨大差距。我们建议整合和应用SSM和FE来简化同时生成多个FE模型的过程，以研究解剖学及其变异如何影响组织力学。在目标1中，我们将通过修改和增强国家医学图像计算联盟(NA-MIC)ShapeWorks下开发的现有软件，开发将形状分析数据与临床相关参数相关联的工具。然后，我们将集成ShapeWorks和开源生物力学建模软件FEBio，进行形状-功能生物力学分析。在目标2中，我们将使用目标1的SSM工具来量化正常髋关节和髋臼撞击(FAI)患者的股骨头解剖和髋臼覆盖率的差异。形状分析数据将与2D X光片和基于3D模型的测量相关联，以确定当前的临床指标是否可以描述FAI畸形。然后，集成平台将用于目标3，以检查髋臼发育不良患者群体中形状和力学之间的对应关系。我们将测试形状以及形状本身(由ShapeWorks派生)可以预测髋关节接触力学的假设。我们的长期目标是使ShapeWorks成为医学中形状分析的标准，并使ShapeWorks和FEBio的结合使用成为研究形状和机械功能之间关系的标准。这里提出的工作将为实现这些目标建立框架。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The ability to visualize and quantify tissue shape and its corresponding mechanical function is essential in a broad range of medical disciplines to characterize disease, obtain an accurate diagnosis, plan treatment, and design medical devices. Volumetric images, obtained using CT or MRI, can be reconstructed into 3D models. These models may provide a more thorough description than that afforded by measurements of 2D images alone. However, it is difficult to extract clinically relevant metrics from 3D surfaces. Equally important, objective methods to identify and compare 3D anatomy are not readily available; it remains challenging to decipher which variations are normal and which are pathological. Tools that can statistically analyze 3D shapes of biological tissues in a consistent and clinically meaningful fashion would address each of these issues. The lack of tools available to analyze shape and associate shape parameters with mechanical predictions represents a substantial gap in biomedical computing. We propose to integrate and apply SSM and FE to streamline the process of generating many FE models at once to study how anatomy and variations thereof affect tissue mechanics. In Aim 1 we will develop tools to relate shape analysis data to clinically relevant parameters by modifying and enhancing the existing software developed under the National Alliance for Medical Image Computing (NA- MIC), ShapeWorks. We will then integrate ShapeWorks with the open-source biomechanical modeling software, FEBio, for shape-function biomechanical analyses. In Aim 2 we will apply SSM tools from Aim 1 to quantify variation in femoral head anatomy and acetabular coverage among normal hips and hips with femoroacetabular impingement (FAI). Shape analysis data will be correlated to 2D radiographic and 3D model-based measures to determine if current clinical metrics can describe FAI deformities. The integrated platform will then be used in Aim 3 to examine the correspondence between shape and mechanics in a population of patients with acetabular dysplasia. We will test the hypothesis that shape, and shape-alone (as derived by ShapeWorks) can predict hip joint contact mechanics. Our long-term goals are to make ShapeWorks the standard for shape analyses in medicine, and to make the coupled use of ShapeWorks and FEBio a standard for investigating relationships between shape and mechanical function. The work proposed herein will establish the framework for achieving these goals.