Study of Latinos-Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging (SOL-INCA)

 描述（由申请人提供）：神经认知障碍（例如，老年痴呆症）是主要的公共卫生问题，可能不成比例地影响拉丁美洲人相比，其他美国人。来自杰出的神经流行病学工作的现有痴呆症文献表明，一些拉丁裔祖先群体患痴呆症的风险可能增加四倍（例如，老年痴呆症）与其他拉丁美洲群体相比。痴呆症估计中这些显著差异的原因尚未得到解决;代表了健康科学文献中的一个主要空白;并形成了更好地了解不同拉丁美洲人群中痴呆症的主要障碍。此外，无论种族/人种如何，与早期和病理性神经认知缺陷和障碍相关的中年因素知之甚少。来自中老年拉丁裔人群的见解将为减轻进一步的神经认知障碍和相关残疾开辟新的机会。从后勤和经济上讲， 对足够数量的主要拉丁裔群体进行抽样（例如，墨西哥人，波多黎各人，古巴人，多米尼加人）的强大的神经流行病学工作是禁止的，并形成额外的障碍，在该领域的进展。作为西班牙裔社区健康研究/拉丁裔研究的受邀辅助研究（SOL;基线n= 16，415），该拟议项目被指定为拉丁裔研究-神经认知衰老调查（SOL-INCA）将有效填补神经流行病学的主要空白轻度认知障碍/轻度神经认知障碍（MCI/mNCD）。SOL-INCA将检查神经认知缺陷和障碍的共同遗传和心血管疾病风险因素之间的关联（即，MCI/mNCD）在SOL的中年和老年拉丁裔子样本中（基线时n= 9，652）。此外，SOL-INCA将开始揭示社会文化风险和保护因素，这些因素可能导致先前在拉丁美洲血统群体之间发现的痴呆症的显著差异。将SOL-INCA纳入访视2，以收集返回SOL的中老年拉丁美洲受试者（年龄50-80岁; 2015-2020年）的第二个时间点的神经认知数据。我们相信，SOL-INCA方法将使我们能够发现行为，文化上合适的，生物学上合理的目标和手段，以减轻早期神经认知障碍。我们的长期目标是将我们的研究结果转化为可操作的手段，以预防或延迟较轻度的神经认知障碍演变为更严重的疾病状态，特别是在拉丁美洲人中，这些疾病的风险可能会增加。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Neurocognitive disorders (e.g., Alzheimer's disease) are major public health problems that may disproportionately affect Latinos compared to other Americans. Extant dementia literature from outstanding neuroepidemiologic work indicates that some Latino ancestry groups may have a four-fold increased risk of dementing disorders (e.g., Alzheimer's disease) compared to other Latino groups. The reasons for these striking differences in dementia estimates have not been addressed; represent a major gap in the health scientific literature; and form a major barrier to progress in better understanding dementias among diverse Latino populations. Furthermore, less is known about midlife factors associated with early and pathological neurocognitive deficits and disordrs, regardless of ethnicity/race. Insights from middle-aged and older Latino populations will open new opportunities for mitigating further neurocognitive disorder and related disabilities. Logistically and economically, sampling sufficient numbers of major Latino groups (e.g., Mexicans, Puerto Ricans, Cubans, Dominicans) for well-powered neuroepidemiologic work is prohibitive and forms additional barriers to progress in the field. As an invited Ancillary Study of the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (SOL; n=16,415 at baseline), this proposed project designated as the Study of Latinos-Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging (SOL-INCA) would efficiently fill major gaps in the neuroepidemiology Mild Cognitive Impairment/Mild Neurocognitive Disorders (MCI/mNCD). SOL-INCA would examine associations between shared genetic and cardiovascular disease risk factors for neurocognitive deficits and disorders (i.e., MCI/mNCD) among SOL's middle-aged and older Latino subsample (n=9,652 at baseline). Additionally, SOL-INCA would begin to unveil the sociocultural risks and protective factors that may contribute the striking differences in dementia previously found between Latino ancestry groups. SOL-INCA would be integrated into Visit 2 to collect a second time-point of neurocognitive data from returning SOL middle-aged and older Latinos participants (ages 50-80 years old; 2015-2020). We believe that the SOL-INCA approach would enable us to discover behaviorally, culturally appropriate, and biologically plausible targets and means for mitigating early neurocognitive disorders. Our long-term is to translate our findings into actionable means for preventing or delaying milder forms of neurocognitive disorders from evolving into more severe disordered states, especially in Latinos who may be at increased risk for these disorders.