Child Trauma, Neural Systems Underlying Emotion Regulation, and Adolescent Suicide

儿童创伤、情绪调节的神经系统和青少年自杀

• 批准号: 9135967
• 负责人: Adam Bryant Miller
• 金额: $ 5.88万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-09-01 至 2018-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9135967
• 关键词: Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adolescent and Young Adult; Adverse event; Advisory Committees; Affect; Age; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Amygdaloid structure; Anxiety; Area; Award; Biological Markers; Brain; Cause of Death; Child; Child Abuse and Neglect; Child Sexual Abuse; Clinical; Data; Development; Emotional; Emotions; Exposure to; Face; Feeling suicidal; Grant; Individual; Interview; Lateral; Literature; Measures; Medial; Mediating; Mediator of activation protein; Methods; Modeling; National Institute of Mental Health; Negative Valence; Parents; Participant; Pathway interactions; Patient Self-Report; Prefrontal Cortex; Prevention Research; Psychopathology; Psychophysiology; Public Health; Recording of previous events; Regulation; Reporting; Research; Risk; Risk Factors; Sample Size; Self-Injurious Behavior; Severities; Stimulus; Strategic Planning; Structure; Suicide; Suicide attempt; Suicide prevention; System; Techniques; Time; Training; Trauma; Youth; accomplished suicide; behavioral study; brain circuitry; brain volume; child depression; cognitive neuroscience; depressive symptoms; emotion regulation; experience; improved; maltreatment; neurodevelopment; neuroimaging; non-suicidal self injury; physical abuse; prevent; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; response; sex; suicidal adolescent; suicidal behavior; suicidal risk

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Approximately 4,000 adolescents and young adults, ages 15-24, commit suicide each year. Moreover, an even greater number of youth make non-lethal suicide attempts (estimated at 100-200 suicide attempts for each completed suicide), often preceded by severe suicidal ideation (SI). Many risk factors for suicide have been identified in previous research. Child maltreatment, particularly child sexual and physical abuse, is robustly associated with SI in adolescence. Despite the consistency of this association, we know surprisingly little about mechanisms that may help explain why some maltreated individuals go on to contemplate suicide while others do not. Increased emotional reactivity and impaired regulation are associated with increased risk of SI. Emerging research suggests that child maltreatment influences emotional reactivity and regulation. Thus, one potential mechanism may be through neural systems involved in emotion regulation. The primary aim of this proposal is to examine the effects of child maltreatment on the neural systems involved in emotion regulation and associated SI. Specifically, this proposal will examine the effects of child maltreatment on amygdala activation (reactivity) when participants view negative (vs neutral) stimuli. Similarly, this proposal will examine ventral medial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) activation during trials when participants are asked to down-regulate their emotional response (regulation) (Hypothesis 1). Next, this study will examine the associations between amygdala reactivity and vmPFC activation and SI (Hypothesis 2). Finally, this study will examine these neural systems as potential mediators of the association between child adversity and SI (Hypothesis 3). Participants will be drawn from a larger, primary R01 grant and employs multiple methods to answer study questions. These include neuroimaging, self- and parent-report, clinical interview, and psychophysiological measures. The sample size will include 100 youth, 50 with a history of child maltreatment and 50 matched controls. Exploratory analyses will examine whether or not these neural systems are specific to SI, or may also be associated with other forms of self-injury, including nonsuicidal self-injury and suicide attempts. The results of this study will contribute to developmental models of adolescent emotion regulation, and also will yield information to improve the identification of SI risk among youth. Training as part of this award includes developmental cognitive neuroscience (including neuroimaging), developmental psychopathology, and advanced statistical approaches to developmental data.

 描述（由适用提供）：大约4,000名青少年和年轻人，年龄在15-24岁，每年自杀。此外，更多的年轻人进行了非致命的自杀企图（估计每次完整的自杀量为100-200起自杀企图），通常是在严重的自杀思想之前（SI）。在先前的研究中已经确定了自杀的许多危险因素。儿童虐待，尤其是儿童性虐待和身体虐待，与青少年的SI有着牢固的联系。尽管这种关联是一致的，但我们对机制的不满意，这些机制可能有助于解释为什么有些虐待的人继续考虑自杀，而另一些人则没有。情绪反应性的增加和调节受损与SI风险增加有关。新兴的研究表明，儿童虐待会影响情绪反应性和调节。这是一种潜在的机制，可能是通过参与情绪调节的神经元系统。该提案的主要目的是检查儿童虐待对情绪调节和相关SI涉及的神经元系统的影响。具体而言，该提议将检查儿童的影响 当参与者认为负面（VS中性）刺激时，杏仁核激活（反应性）上的虐待。同样，当要求参与者下调他们的情绪反应时，该建议将检查这些建议（调节）（假设1）。接下来，这项研究将检查杏仁核反应性与VMPFC激活与SI之间的关联（假设2）。最后，这项研究将研究这些神经系统作为儿童逆境与SI之间关联的潜在介体（假设3）。参与者将从较大的主要R01赠款和员工多种方法来回答研究问题中得知参与者。这些包括神经影像学，自我和父母报告，临床访谈和心理生理措施。样本量将包括100名青年，50名患有儿童虐待病史和50个匹配的对照。探索性分析将检查这些神经系统是否特定于SI，或者也可能与其他形式的自我伤害相关联，包括非杀伤性自我伤害和自杀尝试。这项研究的结果将有助于开发青少年情绪调节的模型，也将产生信息以改善青年人对SI风险的识别。作为该奖项的一部分培训包括发展认知神经科学（包括神经影像学），发育心理病理学以及开发数据的先进统计方法。