Dynamic modelling of the oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal complex for biomedical applications

用于生物医学应用的口腔、咽部和喉部复合体的动态建模

• 批准号: 350630-2007
• 负责人: Fels, Sidney
• 金额: $ 26.36万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Strategic Projects - Group
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2007-01-01 至 2008-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=361740
• 关键词: Dynamic; modelling; oral; pharyngeal; laryngeal

Computer simulation of human anatomy is expected to become an increasingly useful tool in medical research, diagnosis, and treatment. This project will improve the state of the art of such simulation by creating a complete computer model of the mouth and throat region, and using it to study several important medical disorders. These include sleep apnea (interrupted breathing during sleep), which afflicts an estimated twelve million Americans and can lead to complications such as heart disease; difficulty in swallowing as caused by stroke; and treating impairments of chewing and swallowing caused by surgery. Treatment of these conditions can be difficult because they involve complicated interactions between the nerves, muscles, and tissues of the mouth-throat region. Our model will help us better understand these interactions.To begin, we will create the model itself, which will contain the jaw, tongue, lips, throat, and surrounding structures and simulate their physical behaviour and motion. This will then allow us to answer questions such as "how do the nerves and muscles work together when we chew and swallow?" and "under what conditions will the tongue fall back and close the airway?". New techniques will be developed for improving the simulation's speed, with the goal of making it interactive. In collaboration with medical specialists, our model will be used to investigate causes and treatments for the medical conditions described above. Finally, we will study how medical imaging data can be used fit the model to individual patients, ultimately allowing it to be used as a clinical treatment tool. For example, a patient-specific model may be able to predict the side effects of surgery, or determine if a sleep apnea patient is a good candidate for treatment with a nighttime dental fixture.Our project is highly interdisciplinary, combining computer science, physics, biomechanics, physiology, anatomy, and medicine, and is expected to make important contributions to biomedicine, computer simulation, medical image processing, and the understanding and treatment of a variety of medical disorders.

人体解剖学的计算机模拟有望成为医学研究、诊断和治疗中越来越有用的工具。该项目将通过创建一个完整的口腔和喉咙区域的计算机模型，并使用它来研究几种重要的医学疾病，从而提高这种模拟的艺术水平。这些包括睡眠呼吸暂停（睡眠期间呼吸中断），估计有1200万美国人患有这种疾病，并可能导致心脏病等并发症;中风引起的吞咽困难;以及治疗手术引起的咀嚼和吞咽障碍。这些疾病的治疗可能很困难，因为它们涉及神经，肌肉和咽喉区域组织之间的复杂相互作用。我们的模型将帮助我们更好地理解这些相互作用。开始，我们将创建模型本身，它将包含下巴，舌头，嘴唇，喉咙和周围结构，并模拟它们的物理行为和运动。这将使我们能够回答诸如“当我们咀嚼和吞咽时，神经和肌肉如何协同工作？在什么情况下舌头会后仰而关闭气道？".将开发新技术以提高模拟速度，目标是使其具有交互性。与医学专家合作，我们的模型将用于调查上述医疗条件的原因和治疗方法。最后，我们将研究如何使用医学成像数据将模型拟合到个体患者，最终使其能够用作临床治疗工具。例如，患者特定的模型可能能够预测手术的副作用，或确定睡眠呼吸暂停患者是否是夜间牙科固定装置治疗的良好候选人。我们的项目是高度跨学科的，结合了计算机科学，物理学，生物力学，生理学，解剖学和医学，预计将在生物医学，计算机模拟，医学图像处理，以及理解和治疗各种医学疾病。