Chemosensory inhibitors against agricultural and disease-transmitting insect pests

针对农业和传播疾病害虫的化学感应抑制剂

• 批准号: 396484-2010
• 负责人: Plettner, Erika
• 金额: $ 12.06万
• 依托单位: Simon Fraser University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Strategic Projects - Group
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2011-01-01 至 2012-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=487508
• 关键词: Chemosensory; inhibitors; against; agricultural; disease

Insect pests, such as flour beetles and mosquitoes, cause significant damage to food crops and transmit disease. Other insects, however, are vital. E. g., bees pollinate billions of dollars of crops, and parasitoids (solitary wasps) parasitize pest insects. Insecticides, the most common control against insects, are effective only if the majority of insects are susceptible, and they not only kill the susceptible pests, but also beneficial organisms. Furthermore, halogenated insecticides (e. g. DDT) are accumulating in the environment. Human population densities are increasing, and this increases the risk of insect-transmitted disease. The demand for food, fibres, fuel and chemicals will increasingly be satisfied by products from agricultural sources. These changes require the development of sustainable, effective insect control measures. We propose to research behavioural modulators (deterrents, masking agents or attractants) as insect control agents. Insect life cycles are exquisitely controlled by chemical cues from the environment and from members of each species. We propose to build on our discovery of non-halogenated compounds that significantly alter the behavioural responses of pest moths to their natural cues. We will focus on the behaviour of the insect that causes crop damage or disease transmission and on compounds that do not cause acute toxicity to the insect. Target insects for this study are: the red flour beetle (a problem for the food industry), malaria mosquito and beneficial insects (honey bees and parasitoids). We will synthesize compounds and test them against pest

面粉甲虫和蚊子等害虫对粮食作物造成重大损害并传播疾病。 然而，其他昆虫是至关重要的。E.例如，在一个实施例中，蜜蜂为价值数十亿美元的农作物授粉，而寄生蜂（独居黄蜂）寄生害虫。杀虫剂是最常见的防治昆虫的方法，只有在大多数昆虫易感的情况下才有效，它们不仅杀死易感害虫，而且杀死有益生物。 此外，卤化杀虫剂（e. G.滴滴涕）在环境中积累。人口密度正在增加，这增加了昆虫传播疾病的风险。对粮食、纤维、燃料和化学品的需求将越来越多地由农业产品来满足。这些变化需要制定可持续的、有效的昆虫控制措施。 我们建议研究行为调节剂（威慑剂，掩蔽剂或引诱剂）作为昆虫控制剂。昆虫的生命周期受到来自环境和每个物种成员的化学线索的精细控制。我们建议建立在我们发现的非卤代化合物，显着改变害虫蛾的行为反应，他们的自然线索。我们将重点关注导致作物损害或疾病传播的昆虫行为，以及不会对昆虫造成急性毒性的化合物。 这项研究的目标昆虫是：红粉甲虫（食品工业的一个问题），疟疾蚊子和有益昆虫（蜜蜂和寄生虫）。我们将合成化合物并测试它们对害虫的抵抗力