Ultrafine particle filtration and measurement

超细颗粒过滤与测量

• 批准号: 311770-2010
• 负责人: Tan, Zhongchao
• 金额: $ 1.75万
• 依托单位: University of Waterloo
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2013-01-01 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=526245
• 关键词: Ultrafine; particle; filtration; measurement

Air pollution is responsible for both health and environmental issues. Elevated exposure to airborne contaminants correlates to increases in emergency room visits, hospital admissions and premature deaths. The related health conditions include aggravated cardiac and respiratory diseases (e.g. asthma, bronchitis), acute toxic effects, allergies and cancers. Aerosol, defined as solid particles and droplets suspended in the air, is one of the most critical air pollutants and is generated from sources such as transportation, industry, agriculture, and urban land use. There is a consistently increased risk for cardiovascular events in relation to both short- and long-term exposure to ambient aerosol particles. Air pollution also has an effect on weather and climate. The increase in atmospheric concentrations of man-made tiny aerosol particles may have changed the energy balance in the atmosphere and at the Earth's surface and altered the global water cycle, making the climate system more prone to precipitation extremes.

空气污染是健康和环境问题的根源。暴露于空气污染物的增加与急诊室就诊、住院和过早死亡的增加有关。相关的健康状况包括严重的心脏和呼吸系统疾病（如哮喘、支气管炎）、急性中毒、过敏和癌症。气溶胶，定义为悬浮在空气中的固体颗粒和液滴，是最重要的空气污染物之一，由交通，工业，农业和城市土地使用等来源产生。无论是短期还是长期暴露于环境气溶胶颗粒，心血管事件的风险都在不断增加。空气污染对天气和气候也有影响。人为微小气溶胶颗粒在大气中浓度的增加可能改变了大气和地球表面的能量平衡，改变了全球水循环，使气候系统更容易出现极端降水。