Optical coherence tomography, optical topographical imaging and fluorescence guided surgical laser ablation

光学相干断层扫描、光学地形成像和荧光引导手术激光消融

• 批准号: RGPIN-2014-06263
• 负责人: Yang, Victor
• 金额: $ 2.7万
• 依托单位: Ryerson University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2014-01-01 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=567700
• 关键词: Optical; coherence; tomography; optical; topographical

Biophotonics technology and imaging modalities are being used in clinical applications based on the target specifications, imaging parameters, and experimental protocols. Relevant and significant translation of these technologies into the clinical world can be achieved and applied in meaningful medical practices. The goal of the research proposed in this application is to develop intraoperative optical coherence tomography and fluorescence image guided surgical laser ablation. Short term goals include establishing depth controlled laser ablation in the context of surgical procedures and improve real-time assessment of ablation results, improving on existing optical topographical imaging surgical navigation technique for accurate intraoperative targeting, and designing and developing a combined optical coherence tomography and fluorescence imaging platform for high-resolution real-time structural and functional imaging in the surgical setting. The long-term goal for this research project will be to utilize laser ablation, optical topographical imaging, optical coherence tomography, and fluorescence imaging in a surgical setting to improve the existing surgical protocols. The targeted clinical benefits will include the fields of neurosurgery and otolaryngology. Medical laser ablation is an established technique for the removal of tissue during surgical procedures. Dr. Yang and his laboratory have investigated using ultra-short pulsed laser ablation in hard tissues with inline coherent imaging (ICI, a derivative of optical coherence tomography) as a non-contact real-time feedback method to remove material within a localized target volume. There is great potential to utilize laser ablation in surgery with depth control, especially for neurosurgeries that require increased precision with extra care. Non-ionizing radiation, such as optical topographical imaging (OTI) of a surgically exposed area, can be combined with 3D data with real-time feedback for surgical navigation. OTI can be combined with medical laser ablation to increase the system response speed and achieve faster complete topographical image acquisition and registration cycles with robust performance using visible spectrum light, in a feedback loop to control laser ablation’s lateral positioning. The speed improvement will complement the accuracy that OTI will provide for laser ablation. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and fluorescence imaging are two existing imaging modalities used in the research laboratory and in the clinic for disease detection, analysis and diagnosis. There is great potential for the combined usage of both imaging modalities for direct surgical benefits such as tracking/navigation and tissue ablation. OCT is an imaging technology that uses near infrared light (800 ~ 1550 nm) interferometry and offers near-histological resolution (ranging from submicron to a few microns) for non-invasive or minimally invasive imaging. Fluorescence imaging is an imaging modality that involves the absorption and emission of light by fluorophores of a target specimen to form an image of the detected signal by a fluorescence microscope. The development and implementation of OCT and fluorescence imaging for surgical guidance will only enable greater accuracy in optical tracking and laser ablation in the surgical suite. OCT and fluorescence guidance can be applied in the medical field and become standard operating room technology for neurosurgeons during laser ablation surgeries.

根据靶点规格、成像参数和实验方案，生物光子学技术和成像模式正被用于临床应用。这些技术向临床世界的相关和重大转化可以实现并应用于有意义的医疗实践。本申请提出的研究目标是发展术中光学相干断层扫描和荧光图像引导的手术激光消融。近期目标包括在手术过程中建立深度可控的激光消融，提高消融结果的实时评估，改进现有的光学地形图成像手术导航技术，精确术中靶向，设计和开发用于手术环境中高分辨率实时结构和功能成像的光学相干断层扫描和荧光成像的组合平台。该研究项目的长期目标将是在外科环境中利用激光消融、光学地形图成像、光学相干断层扫描和荧光成像来改进现有的手术方案。目标临床收益将包括神经外科和耳鼻喉科领域。医用激光消融是一种在外科手术过程中切除组织的成熟技术。杨博士和他的实验室研究了在硬组织中使用超短脉冲激光消融和在线相干成像(ICI，光学相干层析成像的衍生品)作为一种非接触式实时反馈方法来去除局部靶区内的物质。激光消融在深度可控的外科手术中有很大的潜力，特别是对于需要额外小心提高精确度的神经外科手术。非电离辐射，如手术暴露区域的光学地形成像(OTI)，可以与具有实时反馈的3D数据相结合，用于手术导航。OTI可以与医用激光消融相结合，以提高系统的响应速度，并利用可见光在反馈回路中实现更快的完整地形图像采集和配准周期，并具有稳健的性能，以控制激光消融的横向定位。速度的提高将补充OTI为激光消融提供的精度。光学相干层析成像(OCT)和荧光成像是研究实验室和临床上用于疾病检测、分析和诊断的两种现有成像方式。这两种成像方式的联合使用具有巨大的潜力，可以直接用于外科手术，如跟踪/导航和组织消融。OCT是一种成像技术，它使用近红外光(800~1550 nm)干涉测量，并为非侵入性或微创性成像提供近组织学分辨率(范围从亚微米到几微米)。荧光成像是一种成像方式，它涉及目标样品的荧光团吸收和发射光，以形成由荧光显微镜检测的信号的图像。用于手术指导的OCT和荧光成像的开发和实施只会在手术套件中实现更高的光学跟踪和激光消融的准确性。OCT和荧光引导可以应用于医学领域，成为神经外科医生在激光消融手术中的标准手术室技术。