Software architecture, model driven development and fault tolerance

软件工程中的许多实际和基础问题本质上都是关于表示软件构件的结构。当今的软件密集型系统非常庞大和复杂。它们必须以工程师可管理的部分进行设计和实现。这就需要将各个部分组合在一起以代表整体的方案。分析方法必须能够在部分和整体之间导航，以利用关注部分的复杂性降低，然后能够“促进”结果应用于整体。结构可以至少以两种方式施加：第一种是通常的层次结构，以部分/整体关系为代表，一种垂直结构，第二种可以被视为具有整体的各种视图，每个视图代表不同的，但可能重叠的关于整体的信息，一种水平结构。 拟议工作的主要目标包括：（i）推进软件体系结构的建模和分析（部分/整体结构形式），通过开展以下工作：（a）一种新的并行模式，通过识别和使它们同时发生来区分行动的同步，（B）基于应用于底层架构的转换概念的架构设计方面的方法，和（c）一个比早期工作中采用的更抽象的动态重构模型;（ii）进一步开发一个基于组件的容错（部分/整体）建模方法及其分析和（iii）发展对多模型范例的理解（使用水平结构），例如模型驱动工程中使用的结构，在各种形式主义中描述的基本模型以及它们之间的关系方面，要应用的基本数学“技术”，以及将这些不同的目标联系在一起成为一个连贯整体的概念是使用范畴论，以表示结构，和通用结构，以提供用于操纵这种结构的操作。

Many practical and foundational problems in software engineering are essentially about representing the structure of software artifacts. Today's software intensive systems are very large and complex. They must be designed and implemented in parts that are manageable by engineers. This requires schemes for putting together parts to represent the whole. Analysis methods must be able to navigate between parts and whole to take advantage of complexity reduction in focusing on parts and then being able to "promote" the results to be applied to the whole. Structure may be imposed in at least two ways: the first is the usual hierarchical structuring typified by the part/whole relationship, a kind of vertical structuring, and the second may be seen as having various views of a whole, each representing different, but possibly overlapping, information about the whole, a kind of horizontal structuring. The main objectives for the proposed work include: (i) advancing the modelling and analysis of software architecture (a part/whole form of structuring), by undertaking the development of: (a) a new model of concurrency that distinguishes synchronisation of actions by identification and having them occur simultaneously, (b) an approach to aspects in architectural design founded on the notion of a transformation applied to an underlying architecture, and (c) a more abstract model of dynamic reconfiguration than adopted in earlier work;; (ii) developing further a component based (part/whole) modelling approach for fault tolerance and its analysis; and (iii) developing an understanding of multi modelling paradigms (which use horizontal structuring), such as those used in Model Driven Engineering, in terms of the underlying models described in various formalisms and the relationships between them, The underlying mathematical "technology" to be applied, and the concept that ties these varied objectives together into a coherent whole is the use of category theory, to represent structure, and universal constructions, to provide operations for manipulating such structures.