The dynamics of emotional discordance: Psychophysiology, observed affect, and self-reported experience

情绪理论认为，连贯的情绪反应的标志是生理、经验和行为领域的一致性或相互放大。相反，情绪调节（ER）模型强调情绪过程的适应性调节，以服务于目标。例如，下调负面情绪的努力集中在选择性地控制生理（例如，深呼吸）或经验（例如，重新评估情感意义）或行为（例如，抑制表达）表现，以实现较少痛苦的情绪状态。因此，情绪理论所期望的一致性（已经得到了有限的经验支持）被ER的控制过程所破坏。 所提出的主题集的主要目标是通过检查不一致性来更好地理解情感和ER。通过在创新的多方法设计中操纵社会和非社会情感诱导技术，我们将研究跨生理，体验和行为领域的情感反应和恢复的同步配置文件。短期目标是进行研究，以了解不一致的性质，并制定一个情绪系统的理论模型。这些项目的目的是回答几个问题：什么是不一致和具体的ER策略之间的关联，由性别主持？社会背景的变化如何影响不和谐？个体内部的不和谐是否会随着离散的情绪状态而改变？衡量不一致性的标准有多稳定？从童年到成年，不一致性是否会增加？ 资金将支持学生培训（最少5个理学士，2个硕士和3个博士），以先进的技术进行高水平的研究。结果将有一个显着的影响，通过功能整合情绪和ER为基础的模型，使情绪和ER的动态过程的发现情绪过程的理解。最终，我们将利用这些知识来开发一个情感系统的理论模型。

Emotion theories assert that the hallmark of a coherent emotional response is the concordance or mutual amplification across the physiological, experiential, and behavioural domains. In contrast, models of emotion regulation (ER) emphasize the adaptive modulation of emotion processes in service of goals. Efforts to down regulate negative emotions, for example, focus on selectively controlling physiological (e.g., deep breathing) or experiential (e.g., re-evaluating emotional significance) or behavioural (e.g., suppressing expressions) manifestations in order to realize a less distressed emotional state. Thus, the concordance expected by emotion theory (which has received limited empirical support) is disrupted by the control processes of ER. The primary objective of the proposed set of topics is to better understand emotion and ER through the examination of discordance. Through the manipulation of social and non-social emotion induction techniques within innovative multi-method designs, we will examine synchronized profiles of emotional reactivity and recovery across the physiological, experiential, and behavioural domains. The short-term objectives are to conduct studies to understand the nature of discordance and develop a theoretical model of the emotion system. These projects are designed to answer several questions: What are associations between discordance and specific ER strategies, moderated by gender? How do variations in the social context influence discordance? Does within-individual discordance change as a function of discrete emotional states? How stable are measures of discordance? Does discordance increase from childhood through adulthood? Funds will support student training (minimum of 5 BSc, 2 MSc, and 3 PhD) with sophisticated technology to perform high-level research. Results will have a significant impact on the understanding of emotional processes by functionally integrating emotion- and ER-based models to make discoveries about the dynamic processes of emotion and ER. Ultimately, we will use this knowledge to develop an empirically-supported theoretical model of the emotion system.