Engineering a mechanical surrogate neck-form for impact testing

设计用于冲击测试的机械替代颈形

• 批准号: 499175-2016
• 负责人: Dennison, Christopher
• 金额: $ 1.82万
• 依托单位: University of Alberta
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Engage Grants Program
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=607232
• 关键词: Engineering; mechanical; surrogate; neck; form

Currently, helmet test methods use linear drop assemblies that guide a K1A magnesium headform onto an impact anvil. The magnesium head is constrained to experience only linear acceleration because it is attached to the linear guide via a rigid metal neck. While it was not originally designed to do so, this impact simulation method does not recreate the mechanics of helmeted impact with a human, where the head is supported and kinematically influenced by a neck capable of displacing/rotating along six degrees of freedom (and which allows the head to rotate and experience angular kinematics). Some of the new proposed test methods for helmet certification with angular kinematics have suggested that biofidelic head-neck models should replace the magnesium head and rigid neck methods. Biofidelic head models that are currently available include the NOCSAE and HybridIII headforms, both of which attempt to recreate anthropometry and inertial properties of the human head. Currently available neck models, the most common of which used in helmet testing is the HybridIII neck, are not considered to give realistic response in helmeted impact, and as a result the certification organizations are discussing what, if any, neck model could and should be used for helmet certification. The HybridIII, and other neck models, are accepted to be much too mechanically stiff in axial rotation and axial compression. This is perhaps not surprising given the original purpose of the HybridIII neck, which was to realistically simulate fore-aft rotational response in frontal automotive impacts. The objective of this partnership with Biokinetics and Associates Ltd. (Ottawa ON) is to take the first steps towards prototyping a biofidelic neck model suitable for use in helmet certification.

目前，头盔测试方法使用线性下降组件，将K1A镁头部引导到冲击砧上。镁头只能承受线性加速度，因为它通过刚性金属颈连接到线性导轨上。虽然最初并不是这样设计的，但这种撞击模拟方法并没有重现人类戴头盔撞击的力学，在这种情况下，头部受到能够沿6个自由度移动/旋转的颈部的支撑和运动学影响（并且允许头部旋转并经历角运动学）。一些新提出的角运动学头盔认证测试方法表明，生物模型头颈模型应该取代镁头和刚性颈方法。目前可用的生物头部模型包括NOCSAE和杂交ii头型，这两种头型都试图重现人类头部的人体测量和惯性特性。目前可用的颈部模型，在头盔测试中最常用的是杂交颈部，被认为不能在头盔撞击中给出真实的反应，因此认证组织正在讨论哪些颈部模型可以并且应该用于头盔认证。杂交颈部和其他颈部模型在轴向旋转和轴向压缩时被认为过于机械僵硬。这也许并不奇怪，因为杂交颈部的最初目的是真实地模拟汽车正面碰撞时的前后旋转响应。与Biokinetics and Associates Ltd.（渥太华ON）合作的目标是迈出第一步，朝着适合用于头盔认证的生物颈部模型原型设计迈出一步。