Operational optimization for the removal of Cryptosporidium oocyst surrogates in drinking water direct filtration processes: a multi-scale approach

隐孢子虫是一种水媒原生动物病原体，经常在用作饮用水的地表水中发现。它对化学消毒剂具有抵抗力，但对臭氧和紫外线照射处理无效。过滤是饮用水设施中对抗隐孢子虫的主要障碍。这项CRD提案的总体目标是利用纳米、实验室和中试系统优化化学预处理和直接过滤处理以去除隐孢子虫。将确定可靠的隐孢子虫替代品，以评估试点规模的卵囊过滤，因为使用实际的隐孢子虫卵囊可能会造成公共卫生风险。调查将涉及多学科研究，结合环境工程组在饮用水处理方面的专业知识，化学工程组(均在艾伯塔大学)的生物分子工程，以及EPCOR的试点和全规模过滤器设计和操作。这些发现将导致改进水处理战略，评估去除水传播病原体的新方法，并降低对公众健康的风险。

Cryptosporidium is a waterborne protozoan pathogen often found in surface waters used as drinking water supplies. It is resistant to chemical disinfectants but succumbs to ozonation and ultraviolet irradiation treatments. Filtration is a major barrier against Cryptosporidium in drinking water utilities. The overall objective of this CRD proposal is to optimize chemical pretreatment and direct filtration treatment for Cryptosporidium removal using nano-, bench- and pilot-scale systems. Reliable Cryptosporidium surrogates will be identified to evaluate oocyst filtration at the pilot scale, because using actual Cryptosporidium oocysts could pose public health risks. The investigation will involve multidisciplinary studies combining expertise in drinking water treatment from the Environmental Engineering group, biomolecular engineering from the Chemical Engineering group (both at the University of Alberta), and pilot and full scale filter design and operation from EPCOR. The findings will lead to improved strategies for water treatment, new methods for evaluating the removal of waterborne pathogens, and a reduced risk to public health.