Multidimensional motion correction in MRI

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BACKGROUND: The availability of high field strength magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanners is driving resolution to higher levels. However subject motion can often negate the benefits of increasing field strength by blurring images or introducing artifacts. Degradation in image quality is a result of the motion itself and the change in local magnetic field uniformity resulting from the motion. Therefore methods for rapid measurement of motion in six-degrees of freedom (DoF) and rapid generation of a magnetic field (B0) map, which can be used for active shimming, are required.