Membranes separations in Clean Water and Energy Production

清洁水和能源生产中的膜分离

• 批准号: 122089-2013
• 负责人: Tremblay, André
• 金额: $ 1.82万
• 依托单位: University of Ottawa
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=637795
• 关键词: Membranes; separations; Clean; Water; Energy

The supply of clean water and energy are highly interdependent. Non-conventional sources of energy require a considerable amount of water in their extraction and processing. Up to 150 L of water is need to produce one litre of oil from non-conventional oil extraction processes compared to 40 L of water per litre of oil in conventional processes. In addition to this; non-conventional sources of energy are often located in areas where water is scarce and wastewater disposal options limited. The large volumes of contaminated water produced in the extraction process must be treated before release or reuse. These waters pose particular challenges for water treatment processes as they contain fine particulates that are laden with oil or bitumen.Synthetic membranes have been used to separate a wide variety of liquid mixtures. They have been utilized with great success in large-scale water treatment applications. The operating flux of the membrane, its replacement cost and frequency of replacement dictate the economics of the process. A recurrent theme in their use is membrane life defined by irreversible fouling. This is the point in the operation of a system where the membrane can no longer be cleaned by any means to regenerate a useful flux. In large-scale applications, membrane life seriously impacts the viability of the treatment technique.The objective of this project is to develop new membranes with controlled pore geometries to enhance the operating flux of micro- and ultrafiltration membranes. The implementation of the results will reduce particle entrapment in membrane pores, extending their useful life. These membranes are to be resistant to fouling and degradation by organics found in wastewaters and produce waters from energy production processes. The results of this work will permit the recycling of process waters originating from non-conventional oil and gas extraction processes and reduce the environmental footprint of these important sources of energy and be applicable to other membrane based water treatment applications.

清洁水和能源的供应是高度相互依赖的。非常规能源在其提取和加工过程中需要大量的水。从非常规油提取工艺生产一升油需要多达150升水，而在常规工艺中每升油需要40升水。除此之外，非传统能源往往位于缺水和废水处理选择有限的地区。在提取过程中产生的大量污水必须在排放或再利用之前进行处理。这些沃茨对水处理工艺提出了特别的挑战，因为它们含有载满油或沥青的细颗粒。它们在大规模水处理应用中取得了巨大成功。膜的操作通量、其更换成本和更换频率决定了该方法的经济性。在它们的使用中反复出现的主题是由不可逆结垢定义的膜寿命。这是系统操作中的一个点，其中膜不再可以通过任何方式清洁以再生有用的通量。在大规模应用中，膜寿命严重影响处理技术的可行性。本项目的目标是开发具有可控孔几何形状的新膜，以提高微滤膜和超滤膜的操作通量。结果的实施将减少颗粒截留在膜孔中，延长其使用寿命。这些膜将抵抗在废水沃茨中发现的有机物的污染和降解，并从能源生产过程中产生沃茨。这项工作的结果将允许回收的工艺沃茨源自非传统的石油和天然气开采过程，并减少这些重要的能源的环境足迹，并适用于其他膜为基础的水处理应用。