Non-perturbative and out-of-equilibrium field theories

非微扰和非平衡场论

• 批准号: SAPIN-2017-00028
• 负责人: Carrington, Margaret
• 金额: $ 2.91万
• 依托单位: Brandon University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Subatomic Physics Envelope - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=646918
• 关键词: Non; perturbative; out; equilibrium; field

Physicists are very interested in physical systems that are strongly interacting. The main reason is that quantum chromodynamics (QCD), the theory that governs the interactions of subatomic particles on a nuclear level, is strongly interacting. It has been known for years that this property of QCD is responsible for many of the unusual and interesting properties of nuclear matter. ******However, the standard calculational techniques that have been developed by generations of physicists, largely in the context of quantum electro-dynamics (QED), are not applicable to strongly coupled systems. For this reason, the behavior of these systems is much less well understood. ******Over the past 10-20 years, expensive experimental programs involving particle accelerators have been developed, for example at Brookhaven National Laboratory and CERN, to study strongly coupled systems empirically. Quark gluon plasmas are produced in relativistic nuclear collisions, and many exciting experimental results have recently become available. The interpretation of these results is made even more difficult by the fact that the systems that are studied are out of equilibrium for an unknown period of time at the beginning of their evolution. ******It is important for the progress of science that theorists keep pace with experimental programs. Accordingly, there has been much recent work on the development of theoretical techniques to calculate observables in strongly coupled and non-equilibrated systems. This work is both difficult and exciting. It involves the invention of completely different mathematical methods to describe physical situations that were previously considered beyond our ability to describe mathematically. One goal of my research program is the development of a particular non-perturbative formalism (which is called the n-particle irreducible action), and its application to strongly coupled quantum field theories. Another major goal is the development of techniques to understand the dynamical role of plasma instabilities.

物理学家对强相互作用的物理系统非常感兴趣。主要原因是量子色动力学（QCD），在核水平上控制亚原子粒子相互作用的理论，是强相互作用的。多年来，人们已经知道QCD的这种性质是核物质许多不寻常和有趣性质的原因。** 然而，由几代物理学家开发的标准计算技术，主要是在量子电动力学（QED）的背景下，并不适用于强耦合系统。由于这个原因，这些系统的行为还不太清楚。** 在过去的10-20年中，已经开发了涉及粒子加速器的昂贵实验计划，例如布鲁克海文国家实验室和欧洲核子研究中心，以经验方式研究强耦合系统。夸克胶子等离子体是在相对论性核碰撞中产生的，最近有许多令人兴奋的实验结果。这些结果的解释是更加困难的事实，即研究的系统是在一个未知的时间在其演变的开始失去平衡。** 理论家与实验项目保持同步对于科学的进步非常重要。因此，最近有很多关于强耦合和非平衡系统中计算观测量的理论技术的发展。这项工作既困难又令人兴奋。它涉及到发明完全不同的数学方法来描述以前被认为超出我们数学描述能力的物理情况。我的研究计划的一个目标是发展一种特殊的非微扰形式主义（称为n粒子不可约作用），并将其应用于强耦合量子场论。另一个主要目标是发展技术来了解等离子体不稳定性的动力学作用。