Fundamentals of Multi-Functional, Microcellular and Nanocellular Foams

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In this century, advanced polymer materials, such as micro- and nanocellular plastics and composites, will continue to play a massive role in technological innovation. Their multi-functional traits have drawn significant attention from many industries, including energy, electronics, environment, automotive, aerospace, and healthcare. The program of research proposed in this NSERC Discovery Grants application has as its objective a comprehensive investigation into the scientific mechanisms that determine the properties and functionalities of micro- and nanocellular plastics and composites.***Microcellular plastics display substantially superior features over conventional cellular and unfoamed plastics. Their optimally balanced strength and weight has motivated research and development (R&D) activities on their manufacturing technologies. Our research team at the Microcellular Plastics Manufacturing Laboratory (MPML) at the University of Toronto has been a trailblazer in microcellular plastic technologies' R&D. In particular, we identified critical parameters and mechanisms for foaming and developed effective processing strategies for controlling the cellular structures of microcellular plastics, providing them with different value-added functionalities. ***To fully exploit the advantages of the multi-functional characteristics of micro- and nanocellular plastic and composite technology, we propose a comprehensive research program to investigate the basic principles and interactions among the materials, processing, structure, and functionality of micro- and nanocellular plastics. The research will encompass a broad spectrum of research activities, both analytical and experimental, with short-term objectives focused on elucidating the scientific mechanisms that determine the (i) thermal insulation ability, (ii) electrical and thermal conductivity, (iii) fluid/emulsion adsorption and absorption characteristics, and (iv) mechanical properties. ***The ability to tailor the properties and functionalities of plastics and composites with micro- and nanocellular technology is highly valuable to the technological innovations of today's society. The discoveries that will result from our work will establish a basis for ongoing R&D that will yield cutting-edge, high-performance plastic and composite products as well as their associated manufacturing technologies. Our findings will have a direct and positive impact on Canadian industries and their ability to compete on the global markets. Through this program, participating HQPs will be provided with an unparalleled training experience, helping them to acquire scientific knowledge, practical experience and soft skills as well as to establish their professional network that will advance their careers in many disciplines.