Thermoacoustic coupling in liquid-fueled dry low emission gas turbine combustors for electrical power generation

这个由多伦多大学航空航天研究所(UTIAS)实验发动机(E2)实验室、GE加拿大公司和GE全球研究中心(GRC)合作的合作研究和开发(CRD)项目的重点是防止用于发电的燃气轮机发动机的热声不稳定性。具体的重点是在‘双燃料’干式低排放燃烧室中使用液体燃料时产生的不稳定性。这些不稳定性是设计和部署坚固、低排放、燃料灵活的发电发动机的主要挑战。*在E2实验室开发的激光和光学测量技术将在GE GRC部署，以获得在实际条件下运行的真实燃气轮机硬件的数据，即。压力高达1.5兆帕，反应物温度高达625K，燃烧室热功率超过1兆瓦。将部署的诊断包括高速立体粒子图像测速(SPIV)、燃料液滴散射和多组分化学发光，以分别获得气相和液体速度场、燃料喷雾分布和热释放速率分布。在项目期间，GRC计划开展五项实验活动，涵盖各种现象和条件。据我们所知，所得数据将构成在实际燃气轮机条件下获得的关于热声不稳定性的最完整的实验信息。*这些数据将被挖掘以解释在不同情况下设置热声强迫的流/燃料/火焰/压力耦合。例如，我们将解释允许高振幅振荡从噪声中增长的初始耦合。我们还将解释驱动最终持续高振幅振荡的耦合。这些力学见解将被用来构建热声强迫的降阶半经验模式。最终，这些数据将被用来了解热声不稳定性，改进燃烧室设计，并开发使用计算流体动力学模拟热声不稳定性的最佳实践。

This Collaborative Research and Development (CRD) project between the University of Toronto Institute for Aerospace Studies (UTIAS) Experimental Engines (E2) Lab, GE Canada, and the GE Global Research Center (GRC) focuses on preventing thermoacoustic instabilities in gas turbine engines used for electrical power generation. The specific focus is on instabilities arising during the use of liquid fuel in 'dual-fuel' dry low emission combustors. These instabilities are a primary challenge in the design and deployment of robust, low-emission, fuel-flexible power generation engines.****Laser and optical measurement techniques developed in the E2 Lab will be deployed at GE GRC to obtain data in realistic gas turbine hardware operating at practical conditions, viz. pressures up to 1.5 MPa, reactant temperatures up to 625 K, combustor thermal powers exceeding 1 MW. The diagnostics to be deployed include high-speed stereoscopic particle image velocimetry (SPIV), fuel droplet scattering, and multi-species chemiluminescence to obtain gas-phase and liquid velocity fields, fuel spray distributions, and heat release rate distributions, respectively. Five experimental campaigns at GRC are planned over the duration of the project, covering various phenomena and conditions. To our knowledge, the resultant data will constitute the most complete experimental information obtained on thermoacoustic instabilities at practical gas turbine conditions.****These data will be mined to explain the flow/fuel/flame/pressure coupling that sets the thermoacoustic forcing in various situations. For example, we will explain the initial coupling that allows high-amplitude oscillations to grow from noise. We also will explain the coupling driving the final sustained high-amplitude oscillations. These mechanistic insights will be used to construct a reduced order semi-empirical model for the thermoacoustic forcing. Ultimately, the data will be used to understand thermoacoustic instabilities, improve combustor design, and develop best practices for simulating thermoacoustic instabilities using computational**fluid dynamics.