Aerosol chemistry and photochemistry in polluted urban environments: research for tomorrow's megacities

污染城市环境中的气溶胶化学和光化学：未来大城市的研究

基本信息

批准号：
RGPIN-2016-06669
负责人：
Styler, Sarah
金额：
$ 1.82万
依托单位：
University of Alberta
依托单位国家：
加拿大
项目类别：
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
加拿大
起止时间：
2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=666135
关键词：
Aerosol chemistry photochemistry polluted urban

项目摘要

Although our current understanding of urban air quality comes largely from studies conducted in North America and Western Europe, the bulk of today's urban growth is occurring in developing Asian and African megacities. The overarching goal of our group's research is to explore light-induced chemistry (photochemistry) that may be promoted in the metal- and soot-rich atmospheric particulate matter (aerosol) typical of developing urban regions and industrially influenced areas, and thus improve our understanding of the processes that govern air quality in these understudied environments.******We will explore chemistry and photochemistry at the surface of real, chemically complex aerosol samples, which we will collect in a variety of polluted urban and industrially influenced environments, both in Canada and abroad. In an effort to better understand the influence of aerosol-phase chemistry on the concentrations of trace pollutant gases, we will study the photochemical interactions of O3, NO2 and SO2 with thin films prepared from extracts of these aerosol samples. In addition, we will investigate the possibility that metal-catalyzed photochemistry contributes to the aerosol-phase formation of organosulfate (OS; ROSO3–) and organonitrate (ON; RONO2) compounds, both of which have been shown to contribute significantly to the organic mass present in ambient urban aerosol.******We will also work to improve our understanding of the molecular nature and atmospheric consequences of photochemical interactions between dust and urban organic pollutants. Here, we will aim to replicate in the laboratory the processes that deposit organic material on dust aerosol under ambient urban conditions and, by extension, capture the morphological characteristics imprinted on particles by these processes. In an effort to better understand the role that particle morphology plays in influencing reactions at the surface of mixed dust–carbonaceous aerosol, we will compare the photochemical uptake of O3, NO2 and SO2 at the surface of dust aerosol freshly generated from source soils with that at the surface of dust aerosol previously coated with single organic compounds and complex organic mixtures—specifically, exhaust from highly polluting engines typical of those used in developing economies. We will also study dust–pollutant interactions over longer timescales in a newly constructed atmospheric reaction chamber: specifically, we will investigate dust-catalyzed formation of new particles and oxidation of gas-phase organics; in addition, we will investigate the influence of photoactive dust aerosol on the quantity and composition of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formed from urban organic pollutants.**

尽管我们目前对城市空气质量的理解主要来自在北美和西欧进行的研究，但当今城市增长的大部分都在发展亚洲和非洲大型危机中。我们小组研究的总体目标是探索在金属和烟灰充足的大气颗粒物（烟雾）中可以促进的光引起的化学（光化学），典型地发展了城市区域和工业影响区域，从而改善了我们对这些理解环境中空气质量的过程的理解。在加拿大和国外的各种受污染的城市和工业影响环境中。为了更好地了解气溶胶化学对痕量污染物气体浓度的影响，我们将研究O3，NO2和SO2与从这些气溶胶样品提取物制备的薄膜的光化学相互作用。此外，我们将研究金属催化的光化学有助于有机硫酸盐（OS; roso3–）和有机牙（ON; rono2）化合物的气溶胶 - 相位形成，这两种化合物都证明这两种化合物都显示出对环境Urban Aerosol的有机质量的贡献。尘埃与城市有机污染物之间的相互作用。在这里，我们的目标是在实验室中复制在环境城市条件下将有机材料沉积在灰尘气溶胶上的过程，并扩大捕获这些过程上颗粒上印记的形态特征。为了更好地了解颗粒形态在尘埃相互作用的灰尘相互作用中，在灰尘 - 粉尘相互作用的表面上，在较长的时间尺度上，在更长的时间尺度上，在灰尘 - 粉尘 - 粉尘 - 粉尘 - 粉尘相互作用的表面上与源土壤中的粉尘相互作用的表面上，与单个有机物的表面上的粉尘 - 粉尘相互作用相互作用，在较长的时间表上，与单个有机化的有机物的表面上的粉尘 - 粉状相互作用相互作用，在较长的时间表上进行粉尘 - 粉状相互作用的较长的时间表 - 与单个有机物的表面相互作用，在较长的时间表上，在较长的时间表上进行了粉尘 - 粉状相互作用，从而使单个有机化的有机物的表面上的形式 - 在发展经济体中使用的人。我们还将在新建造的大气反应室中研究较长时间尺度上的灰尘 - 污染物相互作用：具体来说，我们将研究新颗粒的粉尘形成和气相组织的氧化。此外，我们将研究光活性粉尘气溶胶对由城市有机污染物形成的次生有机气溶胶（SOA）的数量和组成的影响。**