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In-field treatment of crop residue through physicochemical degradation

通过物理化学降解对农作物残留物进行田间处理

基本信息

批准号：
538490-2019
负责人：
Huang, Gordon
金额：
$ 1.79万
依托单位：
University of Regina
依托单位国家：
加拿大
项目类别：
Engage Grants Program
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
加拿大
起止时间：
2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=680087
关键词：
field treatment crop residue through

项目摘要

To help agricultural producers manage their crop residues, SaskCanola had conducted field-scale trials to evaluate the impact of residue degradation on canola emergence and yield on Saskatchewan farms. Crop residue degradation can have a significant impact on canola production. Degradative products and degradation levels determine the bioavailability of nutrients. Thus, it is necessary to develop a method for direct evaluation of crop residue degradation. However, SaskCanola does not have the technology nor expertise to evaluate the process and extent of crop residue breakdown. We will provide SaskCanola with the technology and knowledge required to understand how in-field management practices affect crop residue degradation that will help to maximize seeding and canola crop yields in Saskatchewan. A database for FTIR (Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy) technique will be developed for accurate and direct measurements of the degradation products of crop residue. The IR spectra will help qualify functional groups of original and degraded components in crop residue and quantify their changes. It will provide details on the identification of degradative products and degradation degree. The proposed project will help agricultural specialists gain insight into the physiochemical characteristics for the degradation of crop residue in Saskatchewan. It will be beneficial for identifying appropriate combinations of tillage and treatments to maximize future yields, while meeting minimal management needs and recovering valuable nutrients. The developed technologies will become valuable assets for Canadian agriculture production. It will also benefit the environment and communities by reducing agricultural waste and producing green products.

为了帮助农业生产者管理其作物残留物，萨斯喀彻温省油菜进行了田间试验，以评估残留物降解对萨斯喀彻温省农场油菜出苗和产量的影响。农作物残留物降解对油菜籽生产有重大影响。降解产物和降解水平决定了营养素的生物利用度。因此，有必要建立一种直接评价农作物残体降解的方法。然而，SaskCanola没有技术或专业知识来评估作物残留物分解的过程和程度。我们将为SaskCanola提供所需的技术和知识，以了解田间管理措施如何影响作物残留物降解，这将有助于最大限度地提高萨斯喀彻温省的播种和油菜作物产量。将建立傅里叶变换红外光谱技术数据库，以便准确和直接测量农作物残留物的降解产物。红外光谱分析将有助于确定作物残留物中原始组分和降解组分的官能团，并量化其变化。其将提供降解产物鉴别和降解程度的详细信息。拟议的项目将帮助农业专家深入了解萨斯喀彻温省农作物残留物降解的理化特性。这将有利于确定耕作和处理的适当组合，以最大限度地提高未来产量，同时满足最低限度的管理需求和回收有价值的养分。开发的技术将成为加拿大农业生产的宝贵资产。它还将通过减少农业废物和生产绿色产品来造福环境和社区。