Eco-evolutionary dynamics of large vertebrate populations - Dynamique éco-évolutive de populations de grands vertébrés

大型脊椎动物种群的生态进化动力学 - Dynamique éco-évolutive de Pops de grands vertébrés

基本信息

批准号：
RGPIN-2018-05405
负责人：
Pelletier, Fanie
金额：
$ 5.41万
依托单位：
Université de Sherbrooke
依托单位国家：
加拿大
项目类别：
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
加拿大
起止时间：
2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=691743
关键词：
Eco evolutionary dynamics large vertebrate

项目摘要

The long-term goal of my program is to document and ultimately forecast the consequences of both genetic and phenotypic trait changes on population dynamics in general, and particularly in species exploited by humans. To do so, my group and I seek to understand how intraspecific genetic and phenotypic diversity shape ecological and evolutionary processes in wild populations. Several studies have documented phenotypic response to current unprecedentedly fast rates of anthropogenic environmental changes. Phenotypic differences between individuals can affect their fitness and mean vital rates and it has recently been shown that changes in trait distribution can affect population growth rate. Although population dynamics have interested demographers and ecologists for at least two centuries, very few quantitative empirical examples illustrating the importance of genetically-based phenotypic effects on population growth are available. We thus know little about the relative contribution of ecological and evolutionary processes (i.e., change in mean population phenotype over time) to population dynamics, despite their fundamental importance for conservation, natural resource management and evolutionary demography. Over the next five years, my students and I will expand our work to three interconnected shorter-term objectives: I) Document how current spatio-temporal variation in ecological factors that affects trait evolution and population dynamics; II) Evaluate how past selection influences future evolutionary potential; III) Develop and apply eco-evolutionary models to forecast the effect of plastic and evolutionary trait changes on population dynamics. To achieve these objectives, my research team will exploit exceptionally detailed data from long-term longitudinal studies (9-200 years) of vertebrates (brown bears, bighorn sheep, tree swallows, humans). My program will provide major advances to forecast the consequences of both genetic and phenotypic trait changes on population dynamics. Through these advances, I will prepare numerous highly qualified personnel for relevant positions in biological conservation, resource management, and academia.*****

我计划的长期目标是记录并最终预测遗传和表型特征变化对总体人口动态的后果，尤其是在人类所利用的物种中。为此，我和我的小组试图了解野生人群中种内遗传和表型多样性的生态和进化过程。几项研究记录了表型对人为环境变化的前所未有的快速速率的反应。个体之间的表型差异会影响其适应性和平均生命率，最近已经表明，性状分布的变化会影响人口增长率。尽管人口动态具有感兴趣的人口统计学家和生态学家至少两个世纪，但很少有定量经验示例说明基于遗传的表型对人口增长的重要性。因此，尽管对保护，自然资源管理和进化人口统计学的重要性至关重要，但我们对生态和进化过程（即平均种群表型的变化）对人群动态的相对贡献知之甚少。在接下来的五年中，我和我的学生将把我们的工作扩展到三个较短的目标：i）记录当前的生态因素的时空变化，从而影响性状进化和人口动态； ii）评估过去选择如何影响未来的进化潜力； iii）开发和应用生态进化模型，以预测塑性和进化特征变化对种群动态的影响。为了实现这些目标，我的研究团队将利用长期纵向研究（9-200年）的脊椎动物（棕熊，大角羊，燕子，人类）的详细数据。我的计划将提供重大进步，以预测遗传和表型性状变化对人口动态的后果。通过这些进步，我将为许多高素质的人员准备生物保护，资源管理和学术界的相关职位。*****