Identification and environmental fate of novel halogenated polycyclic aromatic compounds in Canada's Oil Sands Region

加拿大油砂地区新型卤代多环芳香族化合物的鉴定和环境归趋

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-05354
• 负责人: Tomy, Gregg
• 金额: $ 2.11万
• 依托单位: University of Manitoba
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=715509
• 关键词: Identification; environmental; fate; novel; halogenated

The Alberta Oil Sands (AOS) is the world's third largest reserve of crude oil with an estimated 165 billion barrels of oil recoverable given current technologies. The region contains naturally occurring mixtures of crude bitumen, sand, clay, ultrafine mineral solids and water that are rich in a soup of organic compounds the most notable of which are the polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs). Because of their historical legacy, federal monitoring activities in Canada have focused on the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their alkylated analogs. However, it is known that the AOS region was once covered by sea water millions of years ago, which would have contained high concentrations of chloride and bromide ions. During the oil sand formation, the elevated pressures and temperatures of diagenesis and catagenesis combined with the catalytic activation of halides formed with abundant crustal elements Al and Fe created an environment conducive to organohalogen formation. We hypothesize that halogenated PACs would be detectable in biological samples from the AOS region. The overarching aim of the research program described here is to develop novel analytical techniques using state-of-the-art instrumentation to unearth new halogenated PAC (HPACs) in environmental samples from the AOS region. This is important because these compounds have not been identified before in the AOS region and there is a potential that these compounds could be more harmful to wildlife than ones not containing halogen atoms. Chlorine and bromine containing PACs and their alkylated derivatives will be the focus of this student-led research program. The new compounds identify in biological samples will drive the second major component of this research program. Specifically, we will examine how susceptible these compounds are to metabolism using a fish liver microsomal bioassay. Commercially available standards will be used as substrate to understand the metabolic conversion of these compounds to more polar metabolites. In addition to understanding how quickly they metabolize, my HQP team will identify the metabolites formed during the incubation bioassay. The identification of HPACs in wildlife from the AOS region and the metabolites formed in fish will lead to future research activities on the persistence, bioaccumulation and toxicities of these compounds that our group (and others) will explore.

阿尔伯塔油砂 (AOS) 是世界第三大储量 预计可采原油量为 1,650 亿桶 当前的技术。该地区含有天然存在的原油混合物 沥青、沙子、粘土、超细矿物固体和 富含有机化合物汤的水，其中最著名的是 是多环芳香族化合物（PAC）。由于他们的历史 加拿大的联邦监测活动主要集中在多环 芳香烃 (PAH) 及其烷基化类似物。然而，众所周知，AOS地区曾经被海水覆盖 数百万年前，其中含有高浓度的 氯离子和溴离子。在油砂形成过程中，升高的 成岩作用和还原作用的压力和温度与 丰富的地壳元素 Al 和 Fe 形成的卤化物的催化活化创造了有利于有机卤素的环境 形成。我们假设卤化 PAC 可以在 来自 AOS 区域的生物样本。 这里描述的研究计划的总体目标是使用最先进的仪器开发新颖的分析技术来挖掘新的 AOS 地区环境样品中的卤化 PAC (HPAC)。 这一点很重要，因为之前在 AOS 地区尚未发现这些化合物，而且这些化合物对野生动物的危害可能比不含卤素原子的化合物更大。 含氯和溴的 PAC 它们的烷基化衍生物将是这项学生主导的研究的重点 程序。生物样品中发现的新化合物将推动第二个重大发展 该研究计划的组成部分。具体来说，我们将使用鱼肝微粒体生物测定法来检查这些化合物对代谢的敏感性。商业上 现有的标准将用作了解代谢的底物 这些化合物转化为极性更强的代谢物。此外 了解它们代谢的速度后，我的 HQP 团队将识别孵化生物测定过程中形成的代谢物。鉴定 AOS 地区野生动物中的 HPAC 以及鱼类中形成的代谢物将导致 未来关于持久性、生物蓄积性和毒性的研究活动 我们小组（和其他人）将探索的这些化合物。