Market assessment - Development of an integrated software for complex flows of cement plug placement in oil wells abandonment (CemPA)

加拿大正在进入一个有无数油气井需要封堵和废弃的时代。这是为了避免石油和天然气泄漏到周围环境、含水层和大气中。事实上，我们正在走向一波重大的油气井封堵和废弃(P&A)浪潮。P&A作业是通过在井筒的所需区域放置水泥塞来进行的。然而，由于水泥浆污染等与水泥塞放置过程相关的问题，有许多井没有被正确封堵。井眼的不当P&A可能会导致潜在的泄漏通道，这将需要昂贵的重新封堵过程。在P&A过程中，水泥应该以最小的混合和最大的去除效率驱替和去除原位流体。问题的复杂性涉及到大量流体物理性质、井的几何形状和操作条件的影响。这些参数的设计需要使用一个集成的包来管理，以提高运行效率。这项工作的目的是为开发一种基于流体力学概念的创新软件进行市场评估，该软件可以分析水泥塞放置过程中的顶替流动并优化P&A操作。

Canada is entering an era when there are numerous oil and gas wells that need to be plugged and abandoned. This is to avoid oil and gas leakages to the surrounding environment, water aquifers, and atmosphere. In fact, we are heading towards a significant wave of plug and abandonment (P&A) of oil and gas wells. The P&A operations are carried out by placing a cement plug in the desired area of the wellbore. However, there are many wells that are not properly plugged, due to problems associated to the cement plug placement process, e.g. cement slurry contaminations. The improper P&A of wellbores may cause potential pathways for leakage that would need costly re-plugging processes. During the P&A process, the cement should displace and remove in-situ fluids, with minimum mixing and maximum removal efficiency. The problem complexities involve the effects of a large number of fluid physical properties, well geometries, and operational conditions. The design of these parameters needs to be managed using an integrated package to enhance the operation efficiency. The aim of this work is to conduct a market assessment for developing an innovative software, based on fluid mechanics concepts, that can analyze displacement flows during the cement plug placement and optimize P&A operations.