The bioacoustics of wild bats and mice.

陆地系统中生态音景的概念主要由我们对鸟类等有声动物的理解所主导，尽管蝙蝠和老鼠在夜间活动并在超声波范围内发声，提供了令人难以置信的多样性和重要的生态系统服务。我的长期研究目标是确定个人状态和背景如何影响蝙蝠和老鼠的交流和相关行为，以及景观，声音和声音的变化如何在多个生态尺度上影响信号发送者和接收者。我的长期计划与行为，人口和生态系统生态学有关，并测试生物声学假设，即信号可以通过表型可塑性（声学适应假设; AAH）或通过生物音中的竞争过程（声学小生境假设; ANH）调整到声学环境的各个方面。在小范围内，我通过直接观察和实验来跟踪个体，以了解生物和非生物因素如何影响行为。在大规模上，我的工作与保护有关，因为声学信号可以用来对生物多样性进行非侵入性采样。我最近从美国搬到了阿尔伯塔大学。利用整个阿尔伯塔已经建立的网站网络，我将致力于两个短期目标，利用现有的鸟类记录网站网络，将扩大到蝙蝠和老鼠，并建立/重建传统的老鼠活捕网格。第一个目标将建立景观水平的声学记录，作为整个阿尔伯塔NABat监测计划的一部分，以检查1a）蝙蝠物种存在/丰度的栖息地水平模式/决定因素和1b）全年蝙蝠物种的活动和社会呼叫使用模式。监测程序还将使我能够确定鹿鼠在整个景观中的叫声使用模式，并首次确定在景观尺度上，鹿鼠的叫声使用和结构如何随植被而变化。第二个目标将使用现场诱捕网格和集成USARU网络，以确定2a）生理和生态环境，包括自然和人类噪音，如何影响鹿鼠的叫声结构和使用，以及2b）叫声结构和使用如何随植被沿着海拔梯度变化。这些研究将培养2名博士和2名硕士学生，并且除了发现目标之外，还将1）告知与生物医学研究相关的小鼠生物学; 2）告知濒危蝙蝠的保护政策; 3）利用联邦和省级投资现有的生物多样性监测计划和机构; 4）促进我的推广和参与计划“你后院的蝙蝠和小鼠”; 5）通过培训和支持STEM领域寻求公平的团体，通过卓越的研究优先考虑EDI;以及6）使用和促进长期数据集（NABat和Kananaskis鼠标网格）和开放数据平台（Wildtrax和NABat）。

The concept of the ecological soundscape in terrestrial systems is dominated by our understanding of audible animals such as birds, in spite of incredible diversity and important ecosystem services provided by bats and mice that are nocturnal and vocalize in ultrasonic ranges. My long-term research goal is to determine how individual state and context influence communication and related behaviours of bats and mice, and how changes in the landscape, geophony and anthropophony, at multiple ecological scales, influence signalers and receivers. My long-term program is relevant to behavioural, population, and ecosystem ecology, and tests bioacoustic hypotheses that signals can be adjusted to aspects of the acoustic environment through phenotypic plasticity (Acoustic Adaptation Hypothesis; AAH) or through competitive processes in the biophony (Acoustic Niche Hypothesis; ANH). At small scales, I follow individuals through direct observations and experiments to contextualize calls and understand how biotic and abiotic factors influence behaviours. At large scales my work is relevant to conservation because acoustic signals can be used to non-invasively sample biodiversity. I have recently moved to the University of Alberta from the USA. Using a network of sites already established throughout Alberta, I will work on two short term objectives that  leverage a network of existing recording sites for birds that will be expanded to bats and mice and establish/reestablish legacy mouse live trapping grids. The first objective will establish landscape level acoustic recording as part of the NABat monitoring program across Alberta to examine 1a) landscape-level patterns/determinants of bat species presence/abundance and 1b) patterns of activity and social call use by bat species through the year. The monitoring program will also allow me to determine the 1c) pattern of call use by deer mice across the landscape and to determine how call use and structure vary with vegetation at the landscape scale, for the first time. The second objective will use live trapping grids and networks of integrated USARUs to determine 2a) how physiological and ecological context, including natural and human noise, influence call structure and use by the deer mouse and 2b) how calls structure and use varies with vegetation along an altitudinal gradient. These studies will train 2 PhD and 2 MSc students and beyond the discovery objectives will also 1) inform the biology of mice relevant to biomedical research; 2) inform conservation policy for endangered bats; 3) leverage federal and provincial investments into existing biodiversity monitoring programs and agencies; 4) contribute to my outreach and engagement program "Bats and Mice in your Backyard"; 5) prioritize EDI through research excellence by training and support of equity-seeking groups in STEM; and 6) use and contribute to long term data sets (NABat and Kananaskis mouse grids) and open data platforms (Wildtrax and NABat).