Energy efficiency and security for wireless communications

无线通信是许多重要应用领域的使能技术。一大吸引力是随时随地的移动连接和吸引人的小尺寸、长电池续航时间的设备。应用领域包括蜂窝通信系统、物联网(IoT)、无线传感器网络(WSN)、自动驾驶车辆和资产跟踪。2018年，全球手机用户超过50亿，全球行业收入超过1万亿美元。预计到2020年，当5G商用服务推出时，这一收入将大幅增加。物联网指的是一种智能设备/对象的网络，它允许从智能家居到自动化制造的“事物”的自动化。预计到2020年，物联网连接设备的数量将超过150亿。在移动网络浏览、视频流、多人在线电子游戏、社交媒体和远程医疗等移动数据和多媒体应用的推动下，对无线服务的需求预计将继续快速增长。这项研究计划旨在开发改进无线通信系统的各个方面的途径和方法，特别是针对能量和频谱效率的资源调度、减少端到端延迟以及安全性。我们的工作将以第五代(5G)蜂窝网络的最新发展为指导，因为它们对创新应用的预期支持以及它们带来的挑战性问题。与4G蜂窝网络相比，5G网络预计将支持1000倍的网络流量负载，高达10 Gbps的用户数据速率，减少5毫秒的端到端延迟，以及10倍的电池寿命。然而，由于无线系统共享许多共同的特征，例如，时变的信道、介质的共享性质以及潜在恶意节点的存在，通过该研究计划开发的许多概念和方案将具有广泛的适用性。在本研究计划中，将研究5G网络的几个关键方面：(1)设备到设备(D2D)通信，以减少延迟、能耗并增加吞吐量(2)能量收集、认知无线电和中继技术，以避免在难以到达的位置更换电池，提高频谱效率并改善覆盖范围(3)区块链技术，以支持从资产跟踪到智能城市的各种有效应用。拟议研究计划的结果可能会对无线通信系统的设备制造商、消费者和服务提供商产生重大积极影响，特别是5G网络。

Wireless communication is an enabling technology in many important application areas. One big attraction is anytime, anywhere mobile connectivity and appealing small-size, long battery life devices. Application domains include cellular communication systems, Internet of Things (IoT), wireless sensor networks (WSNs), autonomous vehicles and asset tracking. In 2018, cellular phone users worldwide numbered over five billion and the global industry revenue exceeded a trillion dollars. This revenue is expected to increase significantly when 5G commercial service is launched by 2020. The IoT refers to a network of smart devices/objects which allows automation of "things" ranging from smart homes to automated manufacturing. The number of IoT connected devices is projected to exceed 15 billion by 2020. The demand for wireless services is expected to continue growing rapidly, fueled by mobile data and multimedia applications such as mobile web-browsing, video streaming, multi-player online e-games, social media and telemedicine. This research program is aimed at developing approaches and methods for improving various aspects of wireless communication systems, specifically resource scheduling for energy and spectral efficiency, reduced end-to-end delays as well as security. Our work will be guided by recent developments in fifth generation (5G) cellular networks, due to their anticipated support of innovative applications as well as the challenging problems they present. Compared to 4G cellular networks, their 5G counterparts are expected to support a 1000-fold increase in network traffic load, user data rates up to 10 Gbps, reduced end-to-end delays of 5 mS and a 10-fold increase in battery life. Nonetheless, since wireless systems share many common characteristics, e.g. time-varying channels, shared nature of the medium, and the presence of potential malicious nodes, many of the concepts and schemes developed through this research program will have wide applicability. In this research program, several critical aspects of 5G networks will be studied: (1) device-to- device (D2D) communication to reduce delays, energy consumption and increase throughput (2) energy harvesting, cognitive radio and relaying techniques to obviate the need for battery replacement in hard-to-reach locations, to improve spectral efficiency and to improve coverage (3) Blockchain technology to support impactful applications ranging from asset tracking to smart cities. Results from the proposed research program can potentially have a major positive impact on equipment manufacturers, consumers and service providers of wireless communication systems, specifically 5G networks.