Energy efficiency and security for wireless communications

无线通信是许多重要应用领域的使能技术。一个很大的吸引力是随时随地的移动连接和吸引人的小尺寸、长电池寿命的设备。应用领域包括蜂窝通信系统、物联网（IoT）、无线传感器网络（wsn）、自动驾驶汽车和资产跟踪。2018年，全球手机用户超过50亿，全球行业收入超过1万亿美元。预计到2020年5G商用服务推出时，这一收入将大幅增加。物联网指的是智能设备/对象的网络，它允许从智能家居到自动化制造等“事物”的自动化。到2020年，物联网连接设备的数量预计将超过150亿。在移动数据和多媒体应用（如移动网页浏览、视频流、多人在线电子游戏、社交媒体和远程医疗）的推动下，对无线服务的需求预计将继续快速增长。该研究计划旨在开发改进无线通信系统各个方面的方法和方法，特别是能源和频谱效率的资源调度，减少端到端延迟以及安全性。我们的工作将以第五代（5G）蜂窝网络的最新发展为指导，因为它们对创新应用的预期支持以及它们提出的具有挑战性的问题。与4G蜂窝网络相比，5G网络预计将支持网络流量负载增加1000倍，用户数据速率高达10 Gbps，端到端延迟减少5毫秒，电池寿命延长10倍。尽管如此，由于无线系统具有许多共同特征，例如时变信道，媒介的共享性质以及潜在恶意节点的存在，因此通过本研究计划开发的许多概念和方案将具有广泛的适用性。在本研究计划中，将研究5G网络的几个关键方面：(1)设备对设备（D2D）通信，以减少延迟、能耗和提高吞吐量；(2)能量收集、认知无线电和中继技术，以避免在难以到达的位置更换电池，提高频谱效率并提高覆盖范围；(3)区块链技术，以支持从资产跟踪到智慧城市等有影响力的应用。拟议研究计划的结果可能会对无线通信系统（特别是5G网络）的设备制造商、消费者和服务提供商产生重大积极影响。

Wireless communication is an enabling technology in many important application areas. One big attraction is anytime, anywhere mobile connectivity and appealing small-size, long battery life devices. Application domains include cellular communication systems, Internet of Things (IoT), wireless sensor networks (WSNs), autonomous vehicles and asset tracking. In 2018, cellular phone users worldwide numbered over five billion and the global industry revenue exceeded a trillion dollars. This revenue is expected to increase significantly when 5G commercial service is launched by 2020. The IoT refers to a network of smart devices/objects which allows automation of "things" ranging from smart homes to automated manufacturing. The number of IoT connected devices is projected to exceed 15 billion by 2020. The demand for wireless services is expected to continue growing rapidly, fueled by mobile data and multimedia applications such as mobile web-browsing, video streaming, multi-player online e-games, social media and telemedicine. This research program is aimed at developing approaches and methods for improving various aspects of wireless communication systems, specifically resource scheduling for energy and spectral efficiency, reduced end-to-end delays as well as security. Our work will be guided by recent developments in fifth generation (5G) cellular networks, due to their anticipated support of innovative applications as well as the challenging problems they present. Compared to 4G cellular networks, their 5G counterparts are expected to support a 1000-fold increase in network traffic load, user data rates up to 10 Gbps, reduced end-to-end delays of 5 mS and a 10-fold increase in battery life. Nonetheless, since wireless systems share many common characteristics, e.g. time-varying channels, shared nature of the medium, and the presence of potential malicious nodes, many of the concepts and schemes developed through this research program will have wide applicability. In this research program, several critical aspects of 5G networks will be studied: (1) device-to- device (D2D) communication to reduce delays, energy consumption and increase throughput (2) energy harvesting, cognitive radio and relaying techniques to obviate the need for battery replacement in hard-to-reach locations, to improve spectral efficiency and to improve coverage (3) Blockchain technology to support impactful applications ranging from asset tracking to smart cities. Results from the proposed research program can potentially have a major positive impact on equipment manufacturers, consumers and service providers of wireless communication systems, specifically 5G networks.