Development of Multi-functional Coatings for Heat Transfer and Wear Protection

传热和耐磨多功能涂层的开发

• 批准号: RGPIN-2018-04298
• 负责人: McDonald, André
• 金额: $ 5.68万
• 依托单位: University of Alberta
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=760230
• 关键词: Development; Multi; functional; Coatings; Heat

Coatings are used in a plenitude of applications to provide protection to machine parts from the adverse effects of surface degradation processes. Variations of coatings have been developed due to a desire for coatings that do more than provide passive protection. The applicant has identified that the development of new advanced coatings with multi-functional capabilities that extend beyond passive surface protection will offer a unique expansion of the utility of coatings into novel areas that have been established by industry and government. On the blades of wind turbines, ice formation during operation causes the disruption of boundary layers, increases drag, and affects aerodynamic and structural stability. One of the objectives of the proposed research program is to develop and model the heat transfer performance of coatings that will be utilized as resistive heating elements to allow for the mitigation or avoidance of ice accumulation or removal of ice on the blades that are exposed to low-temperature ambient environments. The modelling will focus on the use of heat conduction principles to determine energy generation in an anisotropic porous medium and the determination of the local temperature distribution within the coating during non-Fourier heat conduction due to rapid intense cooling of the coating by high-speed cold water droplets.It is expected that coatings that are exposed to the ambient environment will also be exposed to erodant particles that may cause wear damage of the coating. Thus, in addition to serving as a source of heat energy, the coatings will be developed to be wear resistant. The applicant has developed wear-resistant metal matrix composite (MMC) coatings that possess improved material and mechanical properties such as higher hardness, increased “strengthening effect”, and decreased wear rates. These composite materials are desirable because they offer enhanced properties resulting from the combination and synergies of the properties of both the matrix and the reinforcing materials, such as light weight, strength, stiffness, wear resistance, creep resistance, and improved electrical and thermal conductivity; however, a complete understanding of the mechanisms that result in the increased “strengthening effect” and decreased wear rates of the MMC coating material systems is lacking. The proposed research program will therefore study the microstructure and wear performance of the MMC coatings by conducting a variety of wear tests and modelling the fracture behavior of the coatings to explain the observed wear of the coatings. It is also expected that the inclusion of solid reinforcing particles into the microstructure of the metal matrix of the MMC coatings will increase the effective resistivity or the resistance to electron flow through the coating, thus increasing energy generation in the coating and its effectiveness as a heating element.

涂层被广泛用于保护机器部件免受表面降解过程的不利影响。由于人们希望涂料不仅仅提供被动保护，因此开发了各种各样的涂料。申请人已经确定，开发具有多种功能的新型先进涂料，超越被动表面保护，将为涂料的应用提供独特的扩展，进入工业和政府已经建立的新领域。在风力涡轮机的叶片上，在运行过程中结冰会导致边界层的破坏，增加阻力，并影响气动和结构的稳定性。拟议研究计划的目标之一是开发和模拟涂层的传热性能，这些涂层将用作电阻加热元件，以减少或避免暴露在低温环境中的叶片上的积冰或去除冰。建模将侧重于利用热传导原理来确定各向异性多孔介质中的能量产生，并确定由于涂层被高速冷水滴快速强烈冷却而导致的非傅立叶热传导期间涂层内部的局部温度分布。预计暴露在环境中的涂层也会暴露在腐蚀颗粒中，可能会导致涂层的磨损损坏。因此，除了作为热能来源外，涂层还将发展为耐磨涂层。申请人已开发出耐磨金属基复合材料（MMC）涂层，该涂层具有改进的材料和机械性能，如更高的硬度，增加的“强化效果”，并降低磨损率。这些复合材料是可取的，因为它们提供了增强的性能，这些性能是由基体和增强材料的特性的组合和协同作用产生的，例如轻质、强度、刚度、耐磨性、抗蠕变性以及改进的导电性和导热性；然而，对于导致MMC涂层材料系统增强“强化效应”和降低磨损率的机制还缺乏完整的理解。因此，拟议的研究计划将通过进行各种磨损测试和模拟涂层的断裂行为来研究MMC涂层的微观结构和磨损性能，以解释观察到的涂层磨损。在MMC涂层的金属基体微观结构中加入固体增强颗粒，将增加涂层的有效电阻率或电子流过涂层的阻力，从而增加涂层中的能量产生及其作为加热元件的有效性。