Role of the medial temporal lobe memory system in regulating behaviour

内侧颞叶记忆系统在调节行为中的作用

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-07276
• 负责人: Becker, Suzanna
• 金额: $ 2.88万
• 依托单位: McMaster University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=764327
• 关键词: Role; medial; temporal; lobe; memory

The long-range goal of this research is to elucidate mechanisms by which memory and cognitive control systems interact to regulate behaviour. It is widely recognized that the "memory system" associated with the hippocampal/medial temporal lobe brain regions does much more than just store and retrieve memories. It is part of a large-scale network known as the "default mode network" (DMN) or autobiographical memory network. It is crucial for contextualizing behaviour, modulating emotion, stress, and other responses, imagining the future and planning actions based on past experience and expected future rewards (episodic future thinking). Our recent work, using computational modelling, rodent studies, human neuroimaging and virtual reality studies, has further characterized the role of the hippocampus and DMN in the formation of contextually detailed memories and in spatial cognition. Our next step will be to conduct a study using two different neuroimaging modalities simultaneously: functional magnetic resonance imaging, which has excellent spatial resolution and can identify exactly which brain areas are active, and electroencephalograpy (EEG), which has excellent temporal resolution and can identify rapidly changing dynamic features such as cross-frequency synchronization of neural activity across different regions of the brain. We will apply sophisticated signal processing and machine learning methods to identify EEG features that characterize the main intrinsic brain networks. Next, we will conduct a series of studies in different populations, to examine how lifestyle factors modulate the intrinsic brain networks. In varsity athletes who compete in high impact sports such as rugby, we will investigate the impact of repeated sub-concussive head trauma on brain networks and cognition. In sedentary university students, we will compare the impact of aerobic exercise, EEG-based Mindfulness practice and a combination of the two on brain networks, mood and cognition. In undergraduates who are heavy drinkers, we will evaluate the impact of an "episodic future thinking" intervention on drinking behaviours and on the interplay between the DMN intrinsic network and reward-related regions of the brain. Finally, having delineated EEG features of intrinsic brain networks and verified them in these intervention studies, we will develop EEG neurofeedback and brain-computer-interfacing applications that train a person to control their brain networks and use them to control external devices. This research will lead to novel methods for studying intrinsic brain networks using EEG, opening up wide-ranging opportunities for developing clinical and commercial applications of portable EEG devices in treating disorders of the brain.

这项研究的远程目标是阐明记忆和认知控制系统相互作用以调节行为的机制。人们广泛认识到，与海马/内侧颞叶大脑区域相关的“记忆系统”不仅仅是存储和检索记忆。它是称为“默认模式网络”（DMN）或自传记忆网络的大型网络的一部分。这对于背景性行为，调节情绪，压力和其他反应至关重要，想象基于过去的经验和预期的未来奖励的未来和计划行动（情节的未来思维）。我们最近使用计算建模，啮齿动物研究，人类神经影像学和虚拟现实研究的工作进一步表征了海马和DMN在形成上下文详细记忆和空间认知中的作用。我们的下一步将是同时使用两种不同的神经影像模式进行研究：功能性磁共振成像，该成像具有出色的空间分辨率，并且可以准确地确定哪些大脑区域是活跃的，并且脑电图（EEG）具有良好的时间分辨率，并且可以识别出快速变化的动态特征，例如跨跨跨频率同步跨越大脑的动态。我们将应用复杂的信号处理和机器学习方法来识别表征主要内在脑网络的脑电图功能。接下来，我们将在不同人群中进行一系列研究，以研究生活方式因素如何调节内在的大脑网络。在橄榄球等高影响力运动的大学运动员中，我们将研究反复的亚置性头部创伤对脑网络和认知的影响。在久坐的大学生中，我们将比较有氧运动，基于脑电图的正念实践以及两者对脑网络，情绪和认知的影响。在饮酒者的本科生中，我们将评估“情节的未来思维”干预对饮酒行为以及DMN内在网络与大脑奖励相关区域之间相互作用的影响。最后，在划定了内在脑网络的脑电图特征并在这些干预研究中验证它们后，我们将开发脑电图神经反馈和脑部计算机交流应用程序，以训练一个人控制其大脑网络并使用它们来控制外部设备。这项研究将导致使用脑电图研究内在的大脑网络的新方法，从而为开发便携式脑电图设备在治疗大脑疾病方面开发了广泛的机会。