小麦条锈病发生范围广，成灾频率高，危害严重，是影响我国小麦安全生产的重要生物灾害。鉴于该病害具有重要的经济影响，其防治研究在国际上一直受到高度重视。但由于该病害病原菌具有专性寄生、毒性变异快等特点，目前对病菌致病机制尚缺乏深入了解，导致该病害仍在不断威胁着小麦生产和粮食安全。研究表明，病原菌在侵染寄主时会向寄主细胞内释放效应蛋白，通过调控寄主防御机制发挥毒性功能。因此，本项目拟在实验室已完成的条锈菌全基因组测序基础上，预测其分泌蛋白组；并通过比较分析夏孢子、芽管和吸器的全转录组，获得条锈菌吸器特异表达的分泌蛋白；然后利用烟草瞬时表达系统筛选并鉴定出目标效应蛋白；通过生物信息学和序列定点突变技术鉴定效应蛋白的保守基序，并在烟草和小麦中解析效应蛋白转运机制及与其互作的病菌或寄主基因的功能。研究结果将为深入揭示效应蛋白在病原菌-寄主互作中的作用机理奠定基础，进而为解析条锈菌致病机制提供理论依据。

Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis Westend. f. sp. tritici Eriks (Pst), is one of the most serious diseases with wide coverage and high frequency in China, and affects the wheat safe production tremendously. Much attention has been paid to the disease research worldwide because of its great ecnomic significance. Due to the special features of Pst like biotrophic pathogens and its fast virulence variation, the pathogenesis of this pathogen is largely unknown. Thus, the disease has been constantly threatening the wheat production and food security. Previous studies indicate that plant pathogenic fungi secrete effector proteins into host cell to manipulate host defenses for successful infection.Therefore, in this study, we predict the Pst secretome with compative genomics based on our Pst genome project. The haustoria specificly expressed secred protein genes will be obtained by compative analysis of transcriptomes of uredinospores, germ tube and haustoria. Then we will characterize theses secretd proteins using transient expression in tobacco, and the candidate effectors will be further analyzed. Besides, we will predict the conserved motifs of the candidate effectors with bioinformatic methods and identify the corresponding motifs responsible for the translocation or the virulence activity with gene mutation method. Finally, we will analyze the translocation pattern and the opposite target proteins of effectors. This project will support a good foundation for revealing the functional mechanism of effectors in Pst-host plant interactions more profoundly and offer an important theoritical basis for elucidating the pathogenesis mechanism of Pst.